Gambling encompasses a wide variety of activities, and the structural characteristics of each form contribute to its potential risk. However, the literature does not fully agree on the risk levels of certain gambling forms. In this study, we classify less risky gambling forms (soft forms) based on public perceptions of their riskiness. We examine the link between gambling experience and problem gambling prevalence. A survey was conducted in a model region of the Czech Republic, a post-socialist country with high gambling availability, with N = 2,498 respondents. A typology of gambling forms (lotteries, betting, and casino games) was created based on perceived risk similarities. Lotteries are the most frequently played gambling form, with 86.3% reporting lifetime participation. Among those who exclusively engage in lottery-type forms, 15 percentage points more women than men participated in the last year, and the gap widens to 31 points over a lifetime. Forms of gambling perceived as more risky show a lower proportion of non-problem gamblers, both for recent and lifetime participation. Furthermore, individuals who gambled within the past month or year are at higher risk of developing gambling problems compared to those whose gambling experiences were less recent.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hráčství * psychologie   klasifikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• návykové chování * psychologie   epidemiologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• riskování * MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Ice hockey is a dynamic game. We can observe collisions between the players that bring a risk of injury. There are many hockey clubs in the Czech Republic. These clubs raise great hockey players and many competing players in various levels of national leagues. The aim of this study was to map injuries in Czech hockey players and outline the situation of injury prevention and body care in ice hockey players. METHODS: We used a questionnaire survey method to obtain data. We received answers from 100 male active Czech ice hockey players, playing in the top three highest men's competitions (Extraleague - 2nd league). Individual injuries were analyzed according to specific body parts, injury type, playing position, level of competition using basic statistical characteristics and relative frequency analyses, including the recovery time, injury reason and the injury statistics per 1000 sporting performances in ice hockey. RESULTS: We found that 81% of participants suffered injuries with the overall incidence of injuries was 17.1 per 1000 sports performances and mainly happened during the match compared to training. The most common injuries were in the head and neck area (25%), often caused by a collision with another player, a stick or puck hit, or a collision with a board. Other frequently injured parts were the knees (21%), where internal ligament injuries predominate, and the shoulders (20%), where we recorded mainly ligament injuries. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high risk of various injury types of ice hockey players, that are developed accidentally in all body parts mostly in the match (mostly upper part of the body and knee) or by overloading (hip/groin area). We recommend strategies to avoid or minimize the injury risk of players. The hockey clubs, coaches, and players should extensively and regularly cooperate with physiotherapists, starting from the younger age of hockey groups, to prevent injuries and use regular strengthening of crucial muscle parts, regeneration, and compensatory exercises. We endorse adequately evaluating dangerous foul actions for referees and disciplinary officials also in minor competitions.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hokej * zranění   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• sportovní úrazy * epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The tumor suppressor gene NKX3.1 and the LPL gene are located in close proximity on chromosome 8, and their deletion has been reported in multiple studies. However, the significance of LPL loss may be misinterpreted due to its co-deletion with NKX3.1, a well-established event in prostate carcinogenesis. This study investigates whether LPL deletion represents a biologically relevant event or occurs merely as a bystander to NKX3.1 loss. We analyzed 28 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostate cancer samples with confirmed LPL deletion and 28 without. Immunohistochemical staining was performed, and previously published whole-genome sequencing data from 103 prostate cancer patients were reanalyzed. Deletion of the 8p21.3 region was associated with higher Gleason grade groups. While NKX3.1 expression was significantly reduced in prostate cancer compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia, LPL protein expression showed no significant difference between cancerous and benign tissue, nor was it affected by the 8p21.3 deletion status. Copy number analysis confirmed the co-deletion of NKX3.1 and LPL in 54 patients. Notably, NKX3.1 loss without accompanying LPL deletion was observed in eight additional cases. These findings suggest that LPL deletion is a passenger event secondary to NKX3.1 loss and underscore the importance of cautious interpretation of cytogenetic findings involving the LPL locus.

• MeSH
• delece genu * MeSH
• homeodoménové proteiny * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prostaty * genetika   patologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transkripční faktory * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Majkić, B, Stojanović, N, Lilić, A, and Milanović, Z. The effects of a 6-week resisted small-sided games training program on the power performance of young soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 39(7): e870-e877, 2025-Small-sided games (SSG) with additional load can improve power performance in soccer players. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 6-week resisted SSG training program on power performance in young soccer players. Twenty-two under-17 top-national youth-level soccer players (age: 16.11 ± 0.41 years; height: 176.31 ± 5.71 cm; body mass: 65.16 ± 8.1 kg) were randomly allocated to a weighted vests group (WV; n = 11), which wore weighted vests of 10% of their body mass or control group (CG; n = 11) with no additional load during sessions. Subjects performed vertical jump test, sprint running test (5, 10, and 30 m), and change of direction tests (COD) (Slalom, t test, and 4 × 5 m). The 6-week experimental program, implemented into regular sessions, included 2 additional SSGs per week and consisted of 3 sets lasting 3 minutes with 3-minute rest intervals. The players were divided into 2 teams of 5 and 2 of 6 players, each consisting of a mix of players from WV and CG, and performed SSG on the field area corresponding to 75 m 2 per player. Results revealed an improvement for WV in jump height by 7.34% (ES = 1.79) and in Peak Power (PP) by 4.40%. Significant interaction effects were observed in the Slalom and 4 × 5 m tests, and there was a distinction for 5 and 30 m sprints but with no statistically significant interaction effects. It is concluded that implementing resisted SSGs during the preparatory period can enhance jump height, PP, COD, and 5 m sprint time in young soccer players.

• MeSH
• běh fyziologie   MeSH
• fotbal * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• odporový trénink * metody   MeSH
• sportovní výkon * fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová síla * fyziologie   MeSH
• zátěžový test MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

Předložená kazuistika popisuje případ pacientky s metastazujícím maligním melanomem anorekta. Vzhledem k synchronní generalizaci do lymfatických uzlin a plic, a tedy nemožnosti kurativního chirurgického či radioterapeutického řešení, byla pacientka léčena několika liniemi systémové léčby. V souladu s doporučenými postupy a též pro BRAF negativitu melanomu byla v 1. linii léčby indikována kombinovaná imunoterapie ipilimumabem a nivolumabem. Následně pro opakované progrese onemocnění absolvovala pacientka ještě dvě linie konvenční chemoterapie a poté s ohledem na metastatický rozsev do mozku ještě 3 cykly léčby temozolomidem. Mozkové metastázy byly ošetřeny Leksellovým gama nožem (LGN), později byla pro další progresi využita možnost paliativního celomozkového ozáření (WBRT - whole brain radiotherapy). V závěru života pacientka podstoupila paliativní radioterapii primárního ložiska anorekta s cílem ulevit od obtěžujících symptomů. Dále využívala ambulance hojení ran a podpůrnou péči paliativní kliniky, později domácího hospicu. Pacientka zemřela 33 měsíců od stanovení diagnózy metastazujícího melanomu a 12 měsíců od zjištění mozkových metastáz.

The presented case report describes the case of a patient with mucosal primary metastasizing malignant melanoma of the anorectum. Due to the synchronous generalization to the lymph nodes and lungs and therefore the impossibility of a curative surgical or radiotherapy solution, the patient was treated with several lines of systemic treatment. In accordance with guidelines and for BRAF negativity, combined immunotherapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab was indicated in the 1st line of treatment. Subsequently, due to repeated progression of the disease, the patient completed two more lines of conventional chemotherapy and then, regarding metastatic spread to the brain, three more cycles of temozolomide treatment. Brain metastases were treated with the Leksell Gamma Knife (LGN), later for further progression the palliative whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) was used. At the end of her life, the patient underwent palliative radiotherapy of the primary anorectal lesion with the aim of relieving the bothersome symptoms, she used a wound healing clinic and supportive care through a palliative clinic, later a home hospice. The patient died 33 months after the diagnosis of metastatic melanoma and 12 months after the diagnosis of brain metastases.

• MeSH
• dakarbazin farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• imunoterapie metody   MeSH
• ipilimumab farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom chirurgie   farmakoterapie   radioterapie   MeSH
• metastázy nádorů MeSH
• nádory anu * chirurgie   farmakoterapie   radioterapie   MeSH
• nemoci mozku radioterapie   MeSH
• nivolumab farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• paliativní péče metody   MeSH
• protokoly protinádorové léčby MeSH
• smrt MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of problematic gaming and gambling and the co-occurrence of these behaviours in association with depression and generalised anxiety disorder in a representative general working-age adult population in Latvia. METHODS: Data from a survey of 4,912 respondents aged 15-64 in the general population of Latvia were studied. The Game Addiction Scale, the Problem Gambling Severity Index, and the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales were used to obtain self-reported data for the target study variables. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression models assess the prevalence of the variables and estimate the odds ratios for depression and generalised anxiety disorder. RESULTS: By adjusting for age, sex, and income level, both problematic gaming and gambling significantly increased the odds of depression and anxiety by an average of three times. The prevalence of the co-occurrence of problematic gaming and gambling was 0.8%, and it did not elevate the odds of depression and anxiety compared to having either problematic gaming or gambling alone, which maintains the overall threefold increase of both depression and anxiety (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the general adult population, the presence of problematic gaming and gambling indicates a higher likelihood for the individual burden of mental health problems due to the co-existence of depression or anxiety. Thus, the complexity of problematic gaming and gambling has to be taken into account when planning and implementing effective mental health interventions.

• MeSH
• depresivní poruchy * epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hráčství * epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• návykové chování * epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• úzkostné poruchy * epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• videohry * statistika a číselné údaje   psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Lotyšsko MeSH

Příručka, která se zaměřuje na psychologii a komunikaci mezi rodiči a dětmi a na vztah k a interakce v online prostoru. Určeno široké veřejnosti.; Kniha poskytuje rodičům potřebné znalosti a praktické tipy, které vedou při výchově dětí ke zdravé digitální rovnováze.Sociální sítě, digitální hry, zkrátka online prostor a obrazovky jsou pro dnešní děti a dospívající běžnou součástí života. Jenže rodiče na tento svět nikdo nepřipravil a v množství teoretických poznatků se mohou ztrácet. Cílem je nenutit k úplnému zákazu technologií, umět se v digitálnu pohybovat, získávat pozitiva, vyhýbat se negativům a zároveň vědět, kdy je čas obrazovky vypnout.

• MeSH
• chování dětí MeSH
• chování mladistvých MeSH
• dětská psychologie MeSH
• internet MeSH
• komunikace MeSH
• kyberšikana MeSH
• netholismus * MeSH
• psychologie adolescentů MeSH
• vztahy mezi rodiči a dětmi MeSH
• Publikační typ
• populární práce MeSH
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Sociální interakce
• NLK Obory
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• sociologie

OBJECTIVES: Current research affirms that sufficiently high knowledge about epilepsy is crucial for reducing stigmatization and improving the quality of life for people with epilepsy. While educational interventions targeting older children, adolescents, and adults are relatively common, there is a notable lack of approaches suitable for preschool children. Building on our previous research, which focused on educational interventions using a game and a story, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two video-based interventions, Campi the Seahorse and Adventure While Fishing, in children aged 5-6 years with no prior knowledge about epilepsy. METHODS: A total of 199 children participated in two intervention studies. Knowledge about epilepsy was assessed through interviews using an 11-item test that had been successfully employed in our previous intervention studies, demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity. The level of knowledge was evaluated immediately after each intervention and one month later. Additionally, satisfaction with the intervention and its potential impact on epilepsy-related stigma were measured using a smiley-face scale. RESULTS: The Adventure While Fishing intervention demonstrated notable effectiveness compared to our previously developed intervention using an educational story. Its impact was also significant when compared to the level of knowledge observed in children aged 9-11 years with no prior exposure to epilepsy-related interventions. In contrast, the outcomes of the Campi the Seahorse intervention were significantly poorer across all comparisons, likely due to its insufficient coverage of key aspects of the topic. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the Adventure While Fishing intervention was an effective approach to establishing basic knowledge about epilepsy within the targeted age group. In contrast, the Campi the Seahorse intervention would require further extension and/or modification to achieve sufficient effectiveness for this purpose.

• MeSH
• audiovizuální záznam MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• epilepsie * psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma metody   MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Verbal coach encouragement is a key motivational strategy that enhances skill development, game strategy execution, and team cohesion. In youth basketball, where players are still developing technical and decision-making abilities, coach encouragement can play a crucial role in sustaining effort, improving focus, and fostering resilience under small-sided games (SSGs). This study investigated how coach encouragement (CE) influences young basketball players' technical performance and psychophysiological responses during competitive gameplay. METHODS: Sixteen male basketball players (age = 15.19 ± 1.05 years) voluntarily participated in the study. Heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, mood states and technical activities were recorded with coach encouragement and without coach encouragement during SSGs. RESULTS: The results showed that SSGs with coach encouragement were associated with significantly higher heart rate (p ≤ 0.05, d = 1.69), maximum heart rate percentage (p ≤ 0.05, d = 1.15), ratings of perceived exertion (p ≤ 0.05, d = 1.69), enjoyment (p ≤ 0.007, d = 0.86), technical abilities (e.g., successful passes and shots; p ≤ 0.05, d ranging from 1.08 to 1.25), and fatigue (p ≤ 0.03, d = 1.47). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study highlight the importance of CE in improving the psychophysiological and technical abilities of young basketball players during SSGs. CE improves coach-athlete relationships and increases game performance.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

To identify the neurocognitive mechanisms underpinning the social difficulties that characterize autism, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging on pairs of autistic and non-autistic adults simultaneously whilst they interacted with one another on the iterated Ultimatum Game (iUG)-an interactive task that emulates the reciprocal characteristic of naturalistic interpersonal exchanges. Two age-matched sets of male-male dyads were investigated: 16 comprised an autistic Responder and a non-autistic Proposer, and 19 comprised non-autistic pairs of Responder and Proposer. Players' round-by-round behavior on the iUG was modeled as reciprocal choices, and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) was measured to identify the neural mechanisms underpinning reciprocal behaviors. Behavioral expressions of reciprocity were significantly reduced in autistic compared with non-autistic Responders, yet no such differences were observed between the non-autistic Proposers in either set of dyads. Furthermore, we identified latent dFC states with temporal properties associated with reciprocity. Autistic interactants spent less time in brain states characterized by dynamic inter-network integration and segregation among the Default Mode Network and cognitive control networks, suggesting that their reduced expressions of social-emotional reciprocity reflect less efficient reconfigurations among brain networks supporting flexible cognition and behavior. These findings advance our mechanistic understanding of the social difficulties characterizing autism.

• MeSH
• autistická porucha * patofyziologie   psychologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• emoce * fyziologie   MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozek * patofyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• sociální chování * MeSH
• sociální interakce * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH