• MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein krev   MeSH
• cerebrovaskulární poruchy diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• embolie a trombóza diagnóza   MeSH
• interleukin-6 krev   MeSH
• interleukin-8 krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zánět etiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on cytokines and inflammatory proteins in patients suffering from septic shock. DESIGN: Prospective study comparing a therapy group to a matched control group. SETTING: Medical intensive care unit at a university hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty four patients fulfilling the criteria of septic shock were included in this study. Twelve patients received PTX (therapy group) and 12 patients matched for diagnosis, age and gender served as the control group. INTERVENTIONS: Pentoxifylline at 1 mg/kg per hour over 24 h in the therapy group. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)], soluble TNF receptor [TNF-R], and interleukin-6 [IL-6] and inflammatory proteins [C-reactive protein, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), fibronectin, and haptoglobin], as well as hemodynamic parameters and the APACHE III score were evaluated before initiation of therapy and 24 h-later. After 24 h, TNF levels were significantly lower in the therapy group (p = 0.013), while IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the therapy group (p = 0.030). Within the 24 h TNF declined significantly in the therapy group (p = 0.006), while IL-6 showed a significant increase (p = 0.043). AAT and the APACHE III score tended to differ significantly after 24 h between the groups [AAT levels higher in the therapy group (p = 0.05), APACHE III score lower (p = 0.05)]. In the therapy group, the systemic vascular resistance index was significantly higher after 24 h (p = 0.0026) whereas the cardiac index declined (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: PTX does influence TNF levels in septic shock patients. Nevertheless, inhibiting a single mediator in severe septic shock cannot stop the inflammatory overreaction.

• MeSH
• APACHE MeSH
• cytokiny * účinky léků   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hemodynamika účinky léků   MeSH
• inhibitory fosfodiesteras * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pentoxifylin * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• proteiny akutní fáze * účinky léků   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• septický šok farmakoterapie   imunologie   krev   MeSH
• zánět MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• imunokomplex analýza   krev   MeSH
• komplement MeSH
• krevní sedimentace MeSH
• leukocyty MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pánevní zánět imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• biologické markery analýza   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein analýza   MeSH
• interleukin-6 krev   MeSH
• leptin krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• peptidové hormony krev   MeSH
• pooperační období MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• reakce akutní fáze krev   MeSH
• sepse krev   MeSH
• tumor nekrotizující faktory krev   MeSH
• zánět krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The 255th ENMC workshop on Muscle Imaging in Idiopathic Inflammatory myopathies (IIM) aimed at defining recommendations concerning the applicability of muscle imaging in IIM. The workshop comprised of clinicians, researchers and people living with myositis. We aimed to achieve consensus on the following topics: a standardized protocol for the evaluation of muscle images in various types of IIMs; the exact parameters, anatomical localizations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques; ultrasound as assessment tool in IIM; assessment methods; the pattern of muscle involvement in IIM subtypes; the application of MRI as biomarker in follow-up studies and clinical trials, and the place of MRI in the evaluation of swallowing difficulty and cardiac manifestations. The following recommendations were formulated: In patients with suspected IIM, muscle imaging is highly recommended to be part of the initial diagnostic workup and baseline assessment. MRI is the preferred imaging modality due to its sensitivity to both oedema and fat accumulation. Ultrasound may be used for suspected IBM. Repeat imaging should be considered if patients do not respond to treatment, if there is ongoing diagnostic uncertainty or there is clinical or laboratory evidence of disease relapse. Quantitative MRI is established as a sensitive biomarker in IBM and could be included as a primary or secondary outcome measure in early phase clinical trials, or as a secondary outcome measure in late phase clinical trials. Finally, a research agenda was drawn up.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• kosterní svaly patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• myozitida * diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• konzilia MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Nizozemsko MeSH

Plasma procalcitonin (PCT) is a highly specific marker for the diagnosis of bacterial infections and sepsis. PCT levels are usually low in viral infections, chronic inflammation or postsurgical states. The purpose of this study was to characterize PCT plasma levels in patients with various types of ileus at preoperative stage, where the other inducing factors such as a surgical stress are excluded. The prospective study was performed on 54 patients admitted to in-patient surgical department with a proven diagnosis of ileus. Patients were divided to three groups--obstructive, vascular and paralytic ileus. Plasma levels of PCT (Kryptor analysis), TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, cortisol (ELISA) and CRP (Kryptor ultrasensitive analysis) were estimated before any invasive procedure was realized. We demonstrated significant elevation of PCT in both obstructive ileus in adhesions and vascular ileus compared with healthy subjects (p 0.01). PCT levels were not elevated in paralytic ileus. The regression coefficient was the highest for PCT and CRP (r=0.78, p 0.01), for TNFalpha and IL-8 (r=0.76, p 0.01) in vascular ileus. There was no significant correlation between PCT and other inflammatory parameters. The different types of ileus induce an elevation of plasma PCT levels and PCT shows itself as an acute phase reactant. The highest PCT concentrations were presented in patients with vascular ileus, whereas paralytic ileus revealed similar cytokine and PCT pattern as in healthy subjects. Plasma PCT estimation extended to a measurement of CRP and IL-6 may become a useful complementary examination for diagnostics of acute abdomen in patients.

• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hydrokortison krev   MeSH
• ileus komplikace   krev   MeSH
• interleukin-1beta krev   MeSH
• interleukin-6 krev   MeSH
• kalcitonin MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mediátory zánětu krev   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• proteinové prekurzory krev   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• střevní obstrukce etiologie   krev   MeSH
• střevní pseudoobstrukce krev   MeSH
• TNF-alfa krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare changes in serum hepcidin levels in paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease during therapy and correlate them with markers of iron metabolism, inflammation and type of treatment. METHODS: Children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were included in this longitudinal study. Blood and stool samples were collected to assess levels of serum hepcidin and markers of iron metabolism parameters and inflammation. The parameters were examined before treatment (baseline levels) and compared with levels in the follow-up period during maintenance therapy (mean follow-up of 39 months after diagnosis). RESULTS: Patients with CD (n = 30) had higher serum hepcidin levels (expressed as a median and interquartile range) at diagnosis than subjects with UC (n = 13). These levels significantly decreased during the follow-up (from 36.5 (11.5-79.6) to 2.1 (0.9-6.7) ng/mL). In contrast, no significant serum hepcidin level changes were observed in the UC patients (5.4 (3.4-16.6) vs. 4.8 (0.9-8.1) ng/mL). While hepcidin level changes correlated with disease activity and inflammatory parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein), in CD patients, they correlated only with serum iron levels in patients with UC. Biological therapy was accompanied by a significant decrease in C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 compared to conventional anti-inflammatory therapy in CD patients. CONCLUSIONS: Children with CD had higher serum hepcidin levels on diagnosis compared to subjects with UC. During an anti-inflammatory therapy, serum hepcidin decreased in the CD group but remained consistently low in children with UC.

• MeSH
• antiflogistika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• hepcidiny MeSH
• idiopatické střevní záněty * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• ulcerózní kolitida * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The prophylaxis against microbial airway infections of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is an emerging application of chicken yolk antibody (IgY), however, no data on the effect of inhaled IgY have been published yet. Rats were daily (for 28 days) exposed to an aerosol of IgY, ovalbumin (OVA), Fab fragment of IgY, or PBS and their serum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissue were examined for inflammation signs. There were no marked changes in lung parenchyma, except for an elevated number of alveolar macrophages in the OVA-exposed group. While the administration of OVA or IgY aerosols slightly increased levels of cytokine TNF-α and GRO/KC in BAL fluid, a marked elevation of GM-CSF in serum was observed after the OVA inhalation. The administration of Fab induced expression of IL-1β > IL-18 in serum, in contrast no effect exerted by IgY. Our results suggest that the aerosolized IgY did not cause any deleterious effects in rat lungs.

• MeSH
• aplikace inhalační * MeSH
• bronchoalveolární laváž MeSH
• cystická fibróza * prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• imunoglobuliny * MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• protilátky MeSH
• Pseudomonas * účinky léků   MeSH
• vaječný žloutek MeSH
• zánět MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Jednojadrové akva-(aryloxyacetáto)zinočnaté komplexy zloženia [Zn(H2O)2(ROCH2COO)2] (R =fenyl, o-, m-, p-tolyl) boli pripravené ako potenciálne protizápalovo účinné látky. Výsledky elemen-tárnej analýzy a parametre IČ spektier dovolili uvedené zlúčeniny zaradiť do skupiny karboxyláto-zinočnatých komplexov s deformovane oktaedrickou štruktúrou. Antiedematózna aktivitaakvakomplexov bola hodnotená na karagenínovom opuchu na potkanoch a ich účinky boli porovná-vané s príslušnými voľnými kyselinami. Kyselina salicylová a jej Zn(II)- a Cu(II)-soli, boli použitéako porovnávacie štandardy. Všetky zlúčeniny boli aplikované i.p. v jednorazovej dávke 50 mmol/kg(počítané na karboxylátový fragment). Vo všeobecnosti Zn(II)-komplexy boli účinnejšie (vyjadrenéako miera redukcie edému 58 – 70 – 68 – 59 %), vrátane dihydrátu salicylanu zinočnatého (64 %),ako nekomplexované kyseliny (37 – 26 – 50 – 48 %). Aktivita tetrahydrátu salicylanu meďnatého(60 %) a kyseliny salicylovej (57 %) je za tých istých podmienok porovnateľná. Zistená aktivitakomplexov je diskutovaná vo vzťahu k ich štruktúre a ku koordinačno-chemickým vlastnostiamštudovaných acidoligandov.

Mononuclear aqua(aryloxyacetato)zinc(II) complexes of the composition [Zn(H2O)2(ROCH2COO)2](R = phenyl, o-, m-, p-tolyl) were prepared as potential anti-inflammatory agents. The results ofelemental analysis and parameters of IR spectra allow to classify the above-mentioned compoundsto the group of carboxylatozinc(II) complexes with a distorted octahedral structure. They wereassayed in rat paw carrageenan-induced edema and antiedematous effects were compared to thoseof free acids. Salicylic acid and its zinc(II) and copper(II) salts were used as the standards ofcomparison. All compounds were administered i.p. in a single dose of 50 mmol/kg body weight(calculated for the carboxylate fragment). In general, the zinc(II) complexes tested were clearly moreeffective (expressed as a mean edema reduction of 58 – 70 – 68 – 59 %), including zinc(II) salicylatedihydrate (64 %), than the uncomplexed acids (37 – 26 – 50 – 48 %). Copper(II) salicylate tetrahyd-rate (60 %) and salicylic acid (57 %) exhibited comparable effects under the same conditions. Theobserved activities of the complexes are discussed in relation to their structures as well as to thecoordination-chemical properties of the acidoligands under study.

• MeSH
• antiflogistika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• edém chemicky indukované   terapie   MeSH
• karagenan škodlivé účinky   toxicita   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• kyseliny karboxylové analýza   chemie   MeSH
• měď chemie   MeSH
• sloučeniny zinku analýza   chemická syntéza   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• spektrofotometrie infračervená metody   využití   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

Idiopatické zánětlivé myopatie (IZM) jsou heterogenní skupinou onemocnění příčně pruhovaného svalstva a některých dalších orgánů. Významná část nemocných má v séru autoprotilátky, které jsou specifické pro podtyp onemocnění a asociují s klinickým průběhem a prognózou. Novější klasifikační kritéria pro IZM využívají vážené zhodnocení jednotlivých příznaků choroby a umožňují vyjádřit procentuální pravděpodobnost onemocnění. Pro diagnostiku podtypů dermatomyozitidy byla velmi nedávno navržena zcela nová kritéria, opírající se významným způsobem o přítomnost pro myozitidu specifické autoprotilátky. V roce 2017 byla vypracována nová kritéria na zhodnocení efektivity léčby, která umožňují citlivější zhodnocení změny stavu a jsou nadějí na přesnější kvantifikaci odpovědi na terapii. První zprávy o použití inhibitorů Janus kináz u dermatomyozitidy jsou nadějné.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of diseases affecting striated muscle and several other organs. Significant numbers of patients have autoantibodies in serum that are specific for myositis subtypes and associate with disease course and prognosis. New classification criteria for IIM use weighted assessment of disease related parameters and allow calculation of percentage disease probability. Lately, new criteria for dermatomyositis subtypes have been proposed based largely on the detection of myositis specific autoantibodies. New criteria for clinical response to treatment have been developed in 2017. These criteria are more sensitive and allow better quantification of improvement. Positive effect of Janus kinase inhibitors was recently reported in dermatomyositis.

• MeSH
• autoprotilátky MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myozitida * diagnóza   klasifikace   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH