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Background: Depression and anxiety are among the most common mental health issues of older populations, and as such they are frequently monitored covariates. The possibilities for collecting research data has grown with the recent emergence of user-friendly online survey platforms. However, to what extent the populations of older persons who participate in such research are similar to the general population remains unclear. We investigated the affective health of an open online sample of older adults (65+) in contrast to a representative randomised in-person interview sample. Methods: The surveys were conducted in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic after the second wave of anti-COVID-19 vaccination. The online sample (N = 389) was recruited via the Internet. Participants of the in-person study (N = 633) were randomly approached according to quotas for representativeness. The administered questionnaires included a health status self-report, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory - Short form (GAI-SF). Results: Online participants reported better mental and general health; that is, they reported fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms than the randomised representative sample. In both samples, women showed higher levels of anxiety than men. Subjective general health was associated with mental health. In the randomised representative sample, in contrast to the online sample, the level of depression increased significantly with age. The open non-randomised calls for participants attracted a higher percentage of women and people with higher education than are in the general older population. Conclusions: Older research volunteers recruited online can be expected to be subjectively healthier and to differ largely from the general population in their sociodemographic characteristics.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 MeSH
- deprese * epidemiologie MeSH
- internet MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- úzkost * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Idea hierarchického řazení vědních oborů má silnou tradici především v sociologii vědy. Ukazuje se, že uspořádání věd podle různých kritérií jsou si velmi podobná: na jednom konci kontinua jsou vždy umístěny „tvrdé“, exaktní a teoretické obory a na druhém konci „měkké“, společenské nebo aplikované vědy. Cílem našeho výzkumu bylo najít souvislosti mezi pozicí vědy v této hierarchii a osobnostními rysy jejích představitelů. Výzkumný soubor tvořilo 132 odborníků z Palackého univerzity v Olomouci, kterým byly administrovány tři osobnostní inventáře (NEO-FFI, SSI, PSSI). Výsledky nasvědčují tomu, že představitelé „měkkých věd“ inklinují k extraverzi, otevřenosti vůči zkušenosti a k emocionální expresivitě víc než zástupci exaktních oborů. Odborníci na „měkké vědy“ měli také relativně vysoké skóry na škálách ctižádostivý/narcistický a příjemný/histrionský PSSI a nízké na škále rezervovaný/schizoidní. Výsledky výzkumu interpretujeme v kontextu E-S teorie Barona-Cohena a poznatků psychologie vědy.
The idea of the hierarchy of the sciences has a strong tradition especially in the sociology of science. It is shown that organisations of sciences according to various criteria are very similar: “hard”, exact and theoretical disciplines are always placed at one end of the continuum, and “soft”, social or applied sciences at the other end. The aim of this study is to find connections between a position of a science at the hierarchy and personality traits of its representatives. The research sample consists of 132 experts from Palacký University in Olomouc who have been administrated three personality inventories (NEO-FFI, PSSI, SSI). The results suggest that representatives of the “soft sciences” incline to extraversion, openness to experience, and emotional expressivity more than representatives of the exact disciplines. “Soft sciences” experts also score relatively high on the PSSI-scale ambitious/narcissistic and endearing/histrionic style, and low on the PSSI-scale reserved/schizoid style. Research findings are interpreted in the context of Baron-Cohen E-S theory and the psychology of science.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- emoční inteligence * MeSH
- humanitní vědy * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- osobnost * klasifikace MeSH
- přírodní vědy * pracovní síly MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- věda pracovní síly statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Introduction: This study proposes an algorithm for preprocessing VCG records to obtain a representative QRS loop. Methods: The proposed algorithm uses the following methods: Digital filtering to remove noise from the signal, wavelet-based detection of ECG fiducial points and isoelectric PQ intervals, spatial alignment of QRS loops, QRS time synchronization using root mean square error minimization and ectopic QRS elimination. The representative QRS loop is calculated as the average of all QRS loops in the VCG record. The algorithm is evaluated on 161 VCG records from a database of 58 healthy control subjects, 69 patients with myocardial infarction, and 34 patients with bundle branch block. The morphologic intra-individual beat-to-beat variability rate is calculated for each VCG record. Results and Discussion: The maximum relative deviation is 12.2% for healthy control subjects, 19.3% for patients with myocardial infarction, and 17.2% for patients with bundle branch block. The performance of the algorithm is assessed by measuring the morphologic variability before and after QRS time synchronization and ectopic QRS elimination. The variability is reduced by a factor of 0.36 for healthy control subjects, 0.38 for patients with myocardial infarction, and 0.41 for patients with bundle branch block. The proposed algorithm can be used to generate a representative QRS loop for each VCG record. This representative QRS loop can be used to visualize, compare, and further process VCG records for automatic VCG record classification.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Inklisiran představuje novou možnost biologické léčby dyslipidemie využívající k potlačení produkce proprotein konvertázy subtilisin/kexin typu 9 (a tím k dosažení redukce hladin celkového, respektive LDL-cholesterolu) inhibici translace genetické informace pomocí cílené degradace specifické mRNA. Jedná se o revoluční technologii, která přináší možnost dlouhých aplikačních intervalů, což zvyšuje terapeutickou adherenci nemocných. Díky vysoce specifickému účinku se jedná o léčbu bezpečnou, která je velmi dobře tolerována. Inklisiran rozšiřuje stávající spektrum hypolipidemické léčby a umožnuje dosáhnout cílových hodnot LDL-cholesterolu většímu počtu vysoce rizikových pacientů.
Inclisiran represents a new option for the biological treatment of dyslipidemia, using to suppress the production of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (thus achieving a reduction in total and LDL-cholesterol levels) by inhibiting the translation of genetic information through the targeted degradation of a specific mRNA. This is a revolutionary technology that brings the possibility of long application intervals, which increases the therapeutic adherence of patients. Thanks to its highly specific effect, it is a safe treatment that is very well tolerated. Inclisiran expands the existing spectrum of lipid-lowering treatments and allows a greater number of high-risk patients to reach LDL-cholesterol target values.
- Klíčová slova
- inclisiran,
- MeSH
- biologická terapie metody MeSH
- dyslipidemie * farmakoterapie MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- LDL-cholesterol účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malá interferující RNA * aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- PCSK9 inhibitory aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the characteristics of adolescents who use mobile health (mHealth) apps to monitor health and how these characteristics differ from those of app nonusers is limited. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine mHealth app use based on adolescent and parental factors, including sociodemographics, digital skills, and health indicators, in a nationally representative sample of Czech adolescents (N=2500). METHODS: Adolescents aged 11 to 16 years and one of their parents participated in an online survey in 2021. A professional research agency recruited the participants. Quotas were used to ensure the sample's representativeness. The sociodemographic factors were the adolescents' age, gender, and parental perceived financial security. The adolescents also provided information about their screen time, eHealth literacy, BMI, health anxiety, physical activity, and sleep quality. Parents reported their digital skills, mobile phone attitudes, and the mediation of their children's online health information-seeking behaviors. We evaluated the differences between the users and nonusers of mHealth apps and identified the significant predictors of mHealth app use. Next, we separately examined how these factors were associated with the use of mHealth apps that track calorie intake or expenditure, number of steps, weight, or sports activity (eg, exercise, running, and working out), as well as other mHealth apps (eg, those that track sleep and heart rate). RESULTS: More than half of the adolescents (1429/2455, 58.21%) reported using mHealth apps. App users were relatively older and, more often, girls. Apps that counted the number of steps were used most frequently, and adolescents whose parents reported higher perceived financial security used them more regularly. Overall, being older and physically active and having higher eHealth literacy skills were associated with using mHealth apps. Adolescents with higher BMI, health anxiety, and lower sleep quality more frequently used mHealth apps to track calorie intake or expenditure, weight, and health indicators. mHealth apps to track physical activity were used more regularly by girls. There was a positive association between parental mediation of online health information-seeking behaviors and adolescents' mHealth app use. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrated that older age, physical activity, and eHealth literacy skills were the common underlying factors of adolescents' mHealth app use. We initially showed parents as significant role models for their children's adoption of, and engagement with, mHealth apps when they actively mediate their online health information-seeking behaviors. Improving the eHealth literacy skills of adolescents through parental guidance might enhance health technology use in this population. Tracking eating behaviors, weight, and health were more prevalent for adolescents who reported higher BMI, health anxiety, and lower sleep quality. Future research studies should examine the determinants and health outcomes of adolescents' mHealth app use longitudinally.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mobilní aplikace * MeSH
- mobilní telefon * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rodiče MeSH
- telemedicína * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- farmaceutický průmysl * pracovní síly MeSH
- inteligenční testy MeSH
- komunikace MeSH
- kontinuální vzdělávání MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- marketing * pracovní síly zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- osobnostní testy MeSH
- projektivní techniky MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychologické testy MeSH
- šíření informací MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rozhodování pomocí počítače MeSH
- terminologie jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
- MeSH
- lidská práva MeSH
- nesouhlas a spor MeSH
- postižení * rehabilitace výchova zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- sociální spravedlnost MeSH
- vládní programy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Rumunsko MeSH
