shape analysis
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Environmental health perspectives, ISSN 0091-6765 Supplement Vol. 106. 1
275-400 s. : il. ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- karcinogeny životního prostředí analýza MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí metabolismus MeSH
- vazba proteinů MeSH
- vazebná místa MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- xenobiotika metabolismus MeSH
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- environmentální vědy
- biologie
This study quantified and evaluated the variability of sperm head shape for 10 different stallions. Sperm head shape characteristics including sperm head length to width ratio, position of the center of gravity, curvature, and degree of roundness were assessed and analysed from images using elliptic Fourier descriptors and inverse Fourier transformation. The first four principal components accounted for 88.46-92.33% of the total variance and provided a good summary of the overall data. In the case of the ejaculate with defective sperm heads the components accounted for 97.35-98.21% of variation. The study was able to quantitatively confirm that head length to width ratio, which contributed 48.63-53.48% and 71.30-73.34% to the total variance for normal and defective sperm, respectively, was the predominant determining parameter of sperm head shape. There were no statistical significant relationships between Fourier descriptors and values of sperm concentration and/or motility.
- MeSH
- Fourierova analýza MeSH
- hlavička spermie fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- koně MeSH
- motilita spermií fyziologie MeSH
- počet spermií statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu MeSH
- spermie cytologie fyziologie MeSH
- tvar buňky fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cervikobrachiální muskuloskeletní bolestivé syndromy patří k rozporuplným a přitom obtížně řešitelným problémům současné medicíny. Současným trendem je proto cílená predikce rizikových jedinců a rizikových pohybových situací. S ohledem na stále neexistující standardy pro funkční diagnostiku muskuloskeletních poruch jsme na našem pracovišti provedli semiklinickou studii, zaměřenou na individuální tvarovou variabilitu lopatky a její korelace k dysfunkci pletencových svalů jako možného stresoru poruch ramene. Prokázali jsme vysoce významné statistické korelace mezi tvarem lidské lopatky a výkonovým potenciálem zevně rotačních svalů ramenního pletence. Výsledky studie jsou využitelné pro predikci rizikových jedinců a prevenci maladaptivních poškození ramene ve všech oborech, které se zabývají pohybovou patologií.
Cervicobrachial musculoskeletal pain syndromes belong to controversial problems of present medicine, which are also difficult to solve. The present tendency is therefore a targeted prediction of individuals at risk motion conditions. In view of the still absent standards for functional diagnostics of musculoskeletal disorders, our ward executed a semiclinical study, directed to individual shape variability of scapula and the correlation with dysfunction of plexus muscles as a possible stressor of shoulder disorders.We have demonstrated significant correlation between the shape of human scapula and the end potential of the external rotation muscles of shoulder plexus. The results of the study may be used for prediction of risk individuals and prevention of maladaptation damage of shoulder in all branches, which deal with motion pathology.
- MeSH
- antropometrie metody MeSH
- biometrie metody MeSH
- bolest ramene etiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kineziologie aplikovaná metody využití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lopatka abnormality anatomie a histologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- rameno abnormality anatomie a histologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
The aim of this study was to determine the amount of deviation in nasolabial shape in patients with a cleft compared with an average non-cleft face, and to assess whether this difference is related to nasolabial aesthetics. Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric images of 60 patients with a unilateral cleft were used. To quantify shape differences, four average non-cleft faces were constructed from stereophotogrammetric images of 141 girls and 60 boys. Three-dimensional shape differences were calculated between superimposed cleft faces and the average non-cleft face for the same sex and age group. Nasolabial aesthetics were rated with the modified Asher-McDade Aesthetic Index using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Mean VAS scores ranged from 51.44 to 60.21 for clefts, with lower aesthetic ratings associated with increasing cleft severity. Shape differences were found between cleft faces and the average non-cleft face. No relationship was found for the VAS, age, and sex, except that a lower VAS was related to a higher nose and lip distance between the superimposed cleft and average non-cleft faces for nasal profile (P= 0.02), but the explained variance was low (R2=0.066). In conclusion, except for nasal profile, nasolabial aesthetics were not influenced by the extent of shape differences from the average non-cleft face.
- MeSH
- estetika stomatologická MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nos MeSH
- rozštěp patra * MeSH
- rozštěp rtu * MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The taxonomy and systematics of the armored harvestmen (suborder Laniatores) are based on various sets of morphological characters pertaining to shape, armature, pedipalpal setation, and the number of articles of the walking leg tarsi. Few studies have tested the validity of these historical character systems in a comprehensive way, with reference to an independent data class, i.e., molecular sequence data. We examined as a test case the systematics of Podoctidae, a family distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific. We tested the validity of the three subfamilies of Podoctidae using a five-locus phylogeny, and examined the evolution of dorsal shape as a proxy for taxonomic utility, using parametric shape analysis. Here we show that two of the three subfamilies, Ibaloniinae and Podoctinae, are non-monophyletic, with the third subfamily, Erecananinae, recovered as non-monophyletic in a subset of analyses. Various genera were also recovered as non-monophyletic. As first steps toward revision of Podoctidae, the subfamilies Erecananinae Roewer, 1912 and Ibaloniinae Roewer, 1912 are synonymized with Podoctinae Roewer, 1912 new synonymies, thereby abolishing unsubstantiated subfamilial divisions within Podoctidae. We once again synonymize the genus Paralomanius Goodnight & Goodnight, 1948 with Lomanius Roewer, 1923 revalidated. We additionally show that eggs carried on the legs of male Podoctidae are not conspecific to the males, falsifying the hypothesis of paternal care in this group.
- MeSH
- Bayesova věta MeSH
- cytochromy c klasifikace genetika metabolismus MeSH
- DNA chemie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- ovum metabolismus MeSH
- pavoukovci anatomie a histologie klasifikace genetika růst a vývoj MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S klasifikace genetika metabolismus MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- sekvenční seřazení MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
Facial development of patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is associated with many problems including deformity of the palate. The aim of this study was to evaluate palatal morphology and variability in patients with UCLP compared with Czech norms using methods of geometric morphometrics. The study was based on virtual dental cast analysis of 29 UCLP patients and 29 control individuals at the age of 15 years. The variability of palatal shape in UCLP patients was greater than that in nonclefted palates. Only 24% of clefted palates fell within the variability of controls. The palatal form of UCLP patients (range from 11.8 to 17.2 years) was not correlated with age. Compared with control palates, palates of UCLP patients were narrower, more anteriorly than posteriorly. Apart from the praemaxilla region, they were also shallower, and the difference increased posteriorly. The UCLP palate was characterised by the asymmetry of its vault. The maximum height of the palatal vault was anterior on the clefted side, whereas it was posterior on the nonclefted side. The slope of the UCLP palate was more inclined compared with the control group. The praemaxilla was therefore situated more inferiorly.
- MeSH
- anatomická variace MeSH
- anatomická značka patologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kefalometrie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- maxila patologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- patro patologie MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- rozštěp patra patologie MeSH
- rozštěp rtu patologie MeSH
- uživatelské rozhraní počítače MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie metody MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné metody MeSH
- zubní modely MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Cílem práce je posouzení změn tvaru zubního oblouku po léčbě fixními a snímacími přístroji neextrakčním postupem. Statistická analýza rozměru a tvaru zubního oblouku byla provedena před zahájením a po ukončení ortodontické léčby a při kontrolním vyšetření v odstupu 3–5 let. Nasnímané sádrové modely zubních oblouků pomocí skaneru na obrazovku počítače byly zpracovány digitalizací v rámci programu Kefalo. Byla provedena segmentální analýza, dentální diskrepance v zubním oblouku, stanoveny hodnoty Boltonova indexu a navržena ideální křivka okluze ve frontálním a premolárovém úseku dolní čelisti. Naše sdělení navazuje na naši studii, ve které byl posouzen tvar a rozměry horního a dolního zubního oblouku vybraného vzorku mladší dospělé populace [1].
The objective of the work was to evaluate changes in the shape of the dental arch after treatment with fixed and removable devices without extraction. Statistical analysis of the dimensions and shape of the dental arch was implemented before the onset and after termination of orthodontic treatment and during a check-up examination after an interval of 3–5 years. The plaster models of dental arches obtained by means of a scanner on the computer screen were processed by digitalization within the framework of thr Kefalo programme. Segmental analysis was made, dental discrepancy in the dental arch values of Bolton’s index were assessed and an ideal occlusion curve in the frontal and premolar section of the mandible was suggested. The presented paper is based on a study by the authors where the shape and dimensions of the upper and lower dental arch of a selected sample of the junior adult population was evaluated [1].
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- ortodontické aktivátory snímatelné MeSH
- software MeSH
- testy zrakového pole MeSH
- úprava zubní okluze MeSH
- zubní modely MeSH
- zubní oblouk růst a vývoj MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
