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Intensive fish farming systems have led to increase in disease incidence, due to higher stocking density, high organic matter levels, and poor quality of the aquatic environment. Diseased fish samples showing hemorrhages and reddish lesions were collected from different freshwater fish farms located at three different districts of West Bengal, India (Burdwan, North 24 Parganas, and Nadia). The present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity of ten different Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from different infected freshwater fish samples based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Primarily, Klebsiella-specific media was used for the isolation and characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Further, through a biochemical test, all the strains were confirmed as K. pneumoniae. PCR analysis of 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer (PCR ribotyping) was carried out to study the species variation within different Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. For all the isolates, a conserved PCR ribotype pattern was observed while differing from other bacterial species. Phylogenetic study showed the high degree of homology with diverse source of other strains. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) values of the present study for the isolates were found to be 0.468. MAR value above 0.2 indicates that the source of isolation was highly contaminated with antibiotics. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the present study revealed the genetic diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from the different diseased fish farms of West Bengal. All the strains were found to be hypermucoviscous and multidrug-resistant, thus making it pathogenic towards the host organisms. Further, the study revealed a high prevalence of K. pneumoniae in aquaculture farms, representing a risk towards successful aquaculture.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální geny genetika MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- hemolýza MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Klebsiella epidemiologie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- kapři mikrobiologie MeSH
- Klebsiella pneumoniae klasifikace účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence * MeSH
- nemoci ryb mikrobiologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- ribotypizace MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- vodní hospodářství MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Indie MeSH
N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs) belong to the superfamily of acetyltransferases. They are enzymes catalysing the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A to the N-terminus of polypeptide chains. N-terminal acetylation is one of the most common protein modifications. To date, not much is known on the molecular basis for the exclusive substrate specificity of NATs. All NATs share a common fold called GNAT. A characteristic of NATs is the β6β7 hairpin loop covering the active site and forming with the α1α2 loop a narrow tunnel surrounding the catalytic site in which cofactor and polypeptide meet and exchange an acetyl group. We investigated the dynamics-function relationships of all available structures of NATs covering the three domains of Life. Using an elastic network model and normal mode analysis, we found a common dynamics pattern conserved through the GNAT fold; a rigid V-shaped groove formed by the β4 and β5 strands and splitting the fold in two dynamical subdomains. Loops α1α2, β3β4 and β6β7 all show clear displacements in the low frequency normal modes. We characterized the mobility of the loops and show that even limited conformational changes of the loops along the low-frequency modes are able to significantly change the size and shape of the ligand binding sites. Based on the fact that these movements are present in most low-frequency modes, and common to all NATs, we suggest that the α1α2 and β6β7 loops may regulate ligand uptake and the release of the acetylated polypeptide.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Kontext: Akutní končetinová ischemie (acute limb ischemia, ALI) je v dětské populaci vzácné, avšak závažné postižení s významnou celoživotní morbiditou nebo mortalitou. Zpravidla se jedná o posttraumatický stav nebo je příčina iatrogenní. Výsledky: V této studii bylo retrospektivně vyšetřeno 127 novorozenců s invazivním monitorováním hodnot arteriální krve na naší jednotce intenzivní péče v letech 2019–2021. Monitorování se provádělo na horních končetinách u 83 pacientů a na dolních končetinách u 44 pacientů. Akutní končetinová ischemie byla zjištěna u tří (6 %) pacientů s monitorováním dolní končetiny a u osmi (9 %) s monitorováním horní končetiny. Primárně se u pacientů provádělo zahřívání končetiny, infuze heparinu (10 μ/kg/h) i infuze perlinganitu (glycerol-trinitrátu) (0,5 μg/kg/h). Pokud to stav pacienta dovolil, neaplikovaly se vazokonstriktory (adrenalin, noradrenalin atd.). Všichni pacienti reagovali na farmakoterapii a konzervativní léčbu, takže ani v jednom případě nebylo nutno volit chirurgické řešení. U žádného pacienta ani nebylo nutno provést amputaci, protože se krevní oběh v končetinách postupně obnovil. Závěry: Časná a správně zvolená a provedená intervence může významně snížit mortalitu a morbiditu ALI, která se ve skupině novorozenců vyskytuje vzácně. Stále se ještě vyvíjejí různé strategie léčby a množství zkušeností je omezené. I když se zdá, že chirurgické řešení je častější u dospělých pacientů, pozitivních výsledků u akutní končetinové ischemie – vzhledem k technické obtížnosti chirurgického výkonu a odlišné základní patofyziologii dětské popul
Background: Acute limb ischemia (ALI) is a rare but serious condition that can cause significant lifetime morbidity or mortality in the pediatric population. It is usually post-traumatic or iatrogenic. Results: In the study, 127 newborns who were followed up with arterial monitoring in our intensive care unit between 2019-2021 were screened retrospectively. Invasive arterial monitoring was performed on the upper extremities in 83 patients and the lower extremities in 44 patients. Acute extremity ischemia was observed in three (6%) patients who underwent lower extremity monitoring and eight (9%) patients with upper extremity ischemia. Primarily, extremity warming, heparin infusion (10 μ/kg/h), perliganit (Glycerol Trinitrate) infusion (0.5 μg/kg/h) were applied to the patients. Vasoconstrictor agents (adrenaline, noradrenaline etc.) have been avoided in patients whenever possible. All of the patients responded to medical and conservative treatment, and no surgical treatment was applied. Amputation was not applied to any of the patients, and their limb circulations were gradually restored. Conclusions: Early and correct intervention can significantly reduce mortality and morbidity in ALI, which is rare in the newborn group. Management strategies are still evolving and experience is limited. Although the surgical approach seems to be more prominent in adult patients, positive results can be obtained in newborn acute limb ischemia with close clinical follow-up and medical approach due to technical difficulties and different underlying pathophysiology in the pediatric population.
BACKGROUND: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) offers a minimally invasive treatment modality for appropriately selected intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Recent reports have described the development of rare, delayed chronic encapsulated expanding hematomas (CEEHs) at the site of an angiographically confirmed obliterated AVM. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the incidence, characteristics, and management of CEEH in patients with AVM after SRS. METHODS: The records of all patients who underwent SRS for an intracranial AVM at 4 institutions participating in the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation between 1987 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding characteristics of the AVM, SRS treatment parameters, CEEH presentation, management, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Among 5430 patients, 15 developed a CEEH at a crude incidence of 0.28%. Nine patients were female, and the mean age was 43 ± 14.6 years. Nine patients underwent surgical evacuation, while 6 were managed conservatively. The median CEEH development latency was 106 months after SRS. The patients were followed for a median of 32 months, and 9 patients improved clinically, while 6 patients remained stable. No intraoperative complications were reported after CEEH resection, although 1 patient recovered from postoperative meningitis requiring intravenous antibiotics. CONCLUSION: CEEH is a rare, late complication of AVM SRS with an incidence of 0.28% and a median latency of 106 months. In the presence of a delayed and symptomatic expanding hematoma in the bed of an angiographically obliterated AVM, surgical resection resulted in clinical improvement in most patients. Conservative management is possible in asymptomatic patients with stable, small-sized hematomas in deeply seated locations.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hematom chirurgie komplikace MeSH
- intrakraniální arteriovenózní malformace * komplikace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- radiochirurgie * škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
Ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are a remarkable regulatory group that may serve as a model for understanding genetic redundancy in evolutionary adaptations. Most RPGs exist as pairs of highly conserved functional paralogs with divergent untranslated regions and introns. We examined the roles of introns in strains with various combinations of intron and gene deletions in RPL22, RPL2, RPL16, RPL37, RPL17, RPS0, and RPS18 paralog pairs. We found that introns inhibited the expression of their genes in the RPL22 pair, with the RPL22B intron conferring a much stronger effect. While the WT RPL22A/RPL22B mRNA ratio was 93/7, the rpl22aΔi/RPL22B and RPL22A/rpl22bΔi ratios were >99/<1 and 60/40, respectively. The intron in RPL2A stimulated the expression of its own gene, but the removal of the other introns had little effect on expression of the corresponding gene pair. Rpl22 protein abundances corresponded to changes in mRNAs. Using splicing reporters containing endogenous intron sequences, we demonstrated that these effects were due to the inhibition of splicing by Rpl22 proteins but not by their RNA-binding mutant versions. Indeed, only WT Rpl22A/Rpl22B proteins (but not the mutants) interacted in a yeast three-hybrid system with an RPL22B intronic region between bp 165 and 236. Transcriptome analysis showed that both the total level of Rpl22 and the A/B ratio were important for maintaining the WT phenotype. The data presented here support the contention that the Rpl22B protein has a paralog-specific role. The RPL22 singleton of Kluyveromyces lactis, which did not undergo whole genome duplication, also responded to Rpl22-mediated inhibition in K. lactis cells. Vice versa, the overproduction of the K. lactis protein reduced the expression of RPL22A/B in S. cerevisiae. The extraribosomal function of of the K. lactis Rpl22 suggests that the loop regulating RPL22 paralogs of S. cerevisiae evolved from autoregulation.
- MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- ochrana biologická dějiny MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Subtalar dislocations are rare orthopedic emergencies characterized by simultaneous dislocation of the talocalcaneal and talonavicular joints without an associated talar neck fracture. While these injuries are commonly managed with closed reduction and immobilization, they are often associated with chronic instability and other long-term complications due to underdiagnosed soft tissue injuries.This study aims to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the management of isolated medial subtalar dislocations and propose a routine MRI protocol to predict and address chronic instability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective case series was conducted, including 13 patients with isolated medial subtalar dislocations. All patients underwent MRI to assess soft tissue injuries, particularly the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL). Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain and the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores. RESULTS: MRI identified complete or partial tears of the CFL and ATFL in the majority of patients. Patients with complete ligament tears reported worse outcomes, with lower AOFAS scores and higher VAS pain scores, compared to those with partial or no ligament involvement. Conservative management was effective in mild cases, while surgical reconstruction was required for patients with significant instability. CONCLUSIONS: Routine MRI in the management of isolated subtalar dislocations enhances the detection of soft tissue injuries, facilitating timely interventions and reducing the risk of chronic instability. Integration of MRI into the diagnostic and follow-up protocol for improved patient outcomes.
- MeSH
- chronická nemoc MeSH
- dislokace kloubu * diagnostické zobrazování komplikace terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ligamentum laterale articulationis talocruralis zranění diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nestabilita kloubu * etiologie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- subtalární kloub * zranění diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Measuring the performance of environmentally sustainable supply chains instead of chain constitute has become a challenge despite the convergence of the underlining principles of sustainable supply chain management. This challenge is exacerbated by the fact that supply chains are inherently dynamic and complex and also because multiple measures can be used to characterize performances. By identifying some of the critical issues in the literature regarding performance measurements, this paper contributes to the existing body of literature by adopting an environmental performance measurement approach for economic sectors. It uses economic sectors and evaluates them on a sectoral level in specific countries as well as part of the Global Value Chain based on the established multi-regional input-output (MRIO) modeling framework. The MRIO model has been used to calculate direct and indirect (that is supply chain or upstream) environmental effects such as CO2, SO2, biodiversity, water consumption and pollution to name just a few of the applications. In this paper we use MRIO analysis to calculate emissions and resource consumption intensities and footprints, direct and indirect impacts, and net emission flows between countries. These are exemplified by using carbon emissions, sulphur oxide emissions and water use in two highly polluting industries; Electricity production and Chemical industry in 33 countries, including the EU-27, Brazil, India and China, the USA, Canada and Japan from 1995 to 2009. Some of the highlights include: On average, direct carbon emissions in the electricity sector across all 27 member states of the EU was estimated to be 1368 million tons and indirect carbon emissions to be 470.7 million tons per year representing 25.6% of the EU-27 total carbon emissions related to this sector. It was also observed that from 2004, sulphur oxide emissions intensities in electricity production in India and China have remained relatively constant at about 62.8 gSOx/, respectively, $ and 84.4 gSOx/$ although being higher than in other countries. In terms of water use, the high water use intensity in China (1040.27 L/$) and India (961.63 L/$), which are among the highest in the sector in the electricity sector is exacerbated by both countries being ranked as High Water Stress Risk countries. The paper also highlights many advantages of the MRIO approach including: a 15-year time series study (which provides a measurement of environmental performance of key industries and an opportunity to assess technical and technological change during the investigated time period), a supply chain approach that provides a consistent methodological framework and accounts for all upstream supply chain environmental impacts throughout entire global supply chains. The paper also discusses the implications of the study to environmental sustainability performance measurement in terms of the level of analysis from a value chain hierarchy perspective, methodological issues, performance indicators, environmental exchanges and policy relevance.
BACKGROUND: Traditional apiculture has been practised in Ethiopia over a long historical period and still remains a benign means to extract direct benefits from natural ecosystems. While its contribution to economic development and watershed protection is increasingly recognized its cultural significance is however, seldom noticed. This study was conducted using an ethnobotanical study approach to document the honey bee flora and associated indigenous knowledge of local communities in Borena Sayint National Park (BSNP), north eastern Ethiopia. METHODS: Data were collected from 170 informants through semi-structured interviews and guided field walks, focus group discussion with 37 informants and 14 key informants and analyzed using standard analytical tools including ranking, comparisons and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: In total, 152 bee forage species in 133 genera and 74 families were documented. The Asteraceae and Rosaceae were represented with six species each over the other plant families. Percentage of mentions per species ranged between 76.9 and 13.5% for the most salient bee forage species. Dombeya torrida, Erica arborea, and Olinia rochetiana captured high community consensus as measured by rank order of popularity and designated as local appellation names of honey. Cluster analysis of priority ranking data showed relationships between key informants with respect to preferences, but ordination analysis did not indicate environmental proximity as a determinant of their responses. Five honey harvesting seasons occur each corresponding to the floral calendar of a dominant bee forage species that stipulate relocation of hives to appropriate locations within the national park. CONCLUSION: The apicultural tradition is iconic with economic value and forming part of the local peoples' cultural identity apt to be preserved as a bequest for posterity.
- MeSH
- biodiverzita MeSH
- etnobotanika MeSH
- květy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- med MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- rostliny klasifikace MeSH
- včelařství * MeSH
- včely MeSH
- veřejné parky * MeSH
- zachování přírodních zdrojů * MeSH
- znalosti * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Etiopie MeSH
- MeSH
- bisfosfonáty škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- estrogeny terapeutické užití MeSH
- fluoridy terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory kostní resorpce terapeutické užití MeSH
- kalcitonin terapeutické užití MeSH
- kolagen terapeutické užití MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- kosti a kostní tkáň * chirurgie MeSH
- kostní denzita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osteoporóza * chirurgie farmakoterapie MeSH
- proteinové hydrolyzáty terapeutické užití MeSH
- vápník terapeutické užití MeSH
- vitamin D terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přednášky MeSH
- zprávy MeSH
