Age-dependency
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Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is primary hypogammaglobulinaemia with an unknown aetiopathogenesis. Although various abnormalities of T and B cells have been described, their pathogenetic roles are unclear. We determined T and B lymphocyte subsets known to be abnormal in CVID in order to disclose possible relations between numerical abnormalities in those cells. Markers associated with B cell development (CD21, CD27, IgM, IgD) were determined on B lymphocytes (CD19+); T lymphocyte development (CD45RA, CD45RO, CD62L) and activation markers (CD25, CD27, CD28, CD29, CD38, CD57, HLA-DR) were determined on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in 42 CVID patients and in 33 healthy controls. Abnormalities in CD4+ T lymphocyte activation markers (increase in CD29, HLA-DR, CD45RO, decrease in CD27, CD62L, CD45RA) were observed particularly in patients with a decreased number of memory (CD27+) and mature (CD21+) B cells (group Ia according to the Freiburg group's classification), while abnormalities observed in CD8+ cells (increase in CD27 and CD28 and decrease in HLA-DR, CD57 and CD38) did not depend upon grouping patients together according to B lymphocyte developmental subpopulations. We observed correlations between immature B cells (IgM+ CD21-) and expression of CD27, CD62L, CD45RA, CD45RO and HLA-DR on CD4+ T cells in CVID patients but not in the control group. The expression of CD27 and CD45RA on CD4+ T lymphocytes, such as the percentage of IgD+ CD27- and IgD+ CD27+ cells in B lymphocytes, showed age dependency to be more significant than in the control group. Our study demonstrates that T and B lymphocyte abnormalities in CVID are partially related to each other. Some of those abnormalities are not definite, but may evolve with age of the patient.
- MeSH
- aktivace lymfocytů účinky léků MeSH
- antigeny diferenciační B-lymfocytární imunologie MeSH
- B-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- běžná variabilní imunodeficience imunologie klasifikace MeSH
- biologické markery analýza MeSH
- CD antigeny imunologie MeSH
- CD4-pozitivní T-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- CD8-pozitivní T-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- diferenciační antigeny T-lymfocytů imunologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- imunoglobulin D imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobulin M imunologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- podskupiny B-lymfocytů imunologie MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie metody MeSH
- stárnutí imunologie MeSH
- T-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
The most common ureagenesis defect is X-linked ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency which is a main target for novel therapeutic interventions. The spf ash mouse model carries a variant (c.386G>A, p.Arg129His) that is also found in patients. Male spf ash mice have a mild biochemical phenotype with low OTC activity (5%-10% of wild-type), resulting in elevated urinary orotic acid but no hyperammonemia. We recently established a dried blood spot method for in vivo quantification of ureagenesis by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using stable isotopes. Here, we applied this assay to wild-type and spf ash mice to assess ureagenesis at different ages. Unexpectedly, we found an age-dependency with a higher capacity for ammonia detoxification in young mice after weaning. A parallel pattern was observed for carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 and OTC enzyme expression and activities, which may act as pacemaker of this ammonia detoxification pathway. Moreover, high ureagenesis in younger mice was accompanied by elevated periportal expression of hepatic glutamine synthetase, another main enzyme required for ammonia detoxification. These observations led us to perform a more extensive analysis of the spf ash mouse in comparison to the wild-type, including characterization of the corresponding metabolites, enzyme activities in the liver and plasma and the gut microbiota. In conclusion, the comprehensive enzymatic and metabolic analysis of ureagenesis performed in the presented depth was only possible in animals. Our findings suggest such analyses being essential when using the mouse as a model and revealed age-dependent activity of ammonia detoxification.
- MeSH
- amoniak metabolismus MeSH
- hyperamonemie genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- játra metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- močovina metabolismus MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- myši transgenní MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nemoc z nedostatku ornithinkarbamoyltransferázy genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- ornithinkarbamoyltransferasa genetika MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Background and aims The present study explores the relationship between social motivations and addiction to online gaming and if that possible connection can be explained by the personality traits responsible for social functioning. Methods We employ Bernstein's concept of interpersonal dependency to distinguish healthy dependency, dysfunctional detachment, and destructive overdependence, and Charlton and Danforth's conceptualisation of online gaming addiction and high engagement. An online questionnaire was administered to a self-nominated sample of 4,074 online gamers. Two regression models were constructed to separately explain gaming addiction and high engagement using social motivations to play, while controlling for age, gender, and time spent online. Results High scores on subscales measuring dysfunctional detachment and destructive overdependence were positively associated with online gaming addiction, while healthy dependency was negatively correlated with addiction scores. In contrast, the overall role of social motivation was negligible. Discussion People with healthy relationship profiles are less likely to develop problematic patterns of online gaming. High in-game engagement, although sharing some factors with addiction, was only poorly explained by the study variables, suggesting the mutual exclusiveness of addiction and engagement.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- internet * MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- motivace MeSH
- návykové chování psychologie MeSH
- psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- videohry psychologie MeSH
- závislost (psychologie) * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
- Slovenská republika epidemiologie MeSH
Hľadanie vhodných motivačných prostriedkov v boji proti drogovej závislosti u detí mladšieho školského veku má popredné miesto v primárnej prevencii. V telovýchovnom procese na školách sú to vhodné pohybové aktivity, ktoré sú jednou zo základných zložiek rozvoja morálno-vôľových vlastností. Zaraďovanie nových foriem do vyučovacieho procesu tomuto procesu napomáha, žiaci ich vnímajú pozitívne, vo väčšine prípadov sú ekonomicky nenáročné, ale hlavne sú motivujúce. V našom pedagogickom experimente sme sa zamerali na pohybovú aktivitu bedminton a jeho vplyvu na zmeny telesného rozvoja v sledovanom súbore, pričom sme súčastne zisťovali obľúbenosť ďalších vybratých pohybových aktivít.
Searching for appropriate motivation in the struggle with drug dependency of younger school-age children plays an important role in primary prevention. In the process of school physical-education there are appropriate motional activities that are one of the main components of development of willpower and moral properties of pupils. New educational forms are very positively perceived by pupils, in the majority of cases they do not require high financial costs and what is the most important they are motivating. In our pedagogical experiment we aimed at a motional activity – badminton – and its influence upon the changes of physical development in the testing group of elementary school pupils. Simultaneously, the popularity of other chosen motional activities was observed.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- motivace MeSH
- poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek prevence a kontrola MeSH
- sporty trendy MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná výchova metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná výška fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- muskuloskeletální nemoci * etiologie klasifikace patologie MeSH
- podpora ve stáří MeSH
- posouzení stavu pacienta * MeSH
- postižení klasifikace MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- služby preventivní péče metody MeSH
- závislost (psychologie) MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: In today's digital age, demanding to interpret vast quantities of visual information with speed and accuracy, nonverbal Intelligence has become increasingly crucial for children, as it plays a key role in cognitive development and learning. While motor proficiency has been positively linked to various cognitive functions in children, its relationship with nonverbal Intelligence remains an open question. This study, therefore, explored the structural associations between motor proficiency and nonverbal Intelligence in school-aged children (6 to 11 years), focusing on potential age and sex-specific patterns. METHODS: Data were obtained from 396 children aged 6 to 11 (214 boys, 182 girls; mean age 8.9 years ±1.3) divided into younger children 6-8 years and older Children 9-11 years. Motor proficiency was assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2), and non-verbal Intelligence was evaluated with the Raven Progressive Matrices (RPM). We conducted multigroup structural modelling with non-verbal Intelligence as a dependent latent variable. RESULTS: The BOT-2 and RPM models demonstrated an acceptable fit in Czech children. Strength-agility and Fine motor control emerged as the strongest predictors of nonverbal intelligence level assessed by five sets of RPM. Age-specific analyses revealed that the Strength-agility construct was consistently a significant predictor of nonverbal intelligence level in both age categories. However, in older children, also Fine motor control was significantly linked to nonverbal intelligence level. Sex-specific differences were also observed in the structural modelling results, indicating significant predictor non-invariance based on participants' sex. In girls, both Fine motor control and the Strength-agility constructs were significant predictors of nonverbal Intelligence level, showing stronger associations with nonverbal Intelligence than boys. For boys, only the Strength-agility construct was a significant predictor of RPM performance. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a nuanced age- and sex-specific relationship between children's motor proficiency and nonverbal Intelligence. The findings underscore the need for targeted physical interventions, particularly those emphasising fine motor and strength-agility exercises, to ensure equitable opportunities for motor skill development. Such interventions may enhance physical abilities and support cognitive development in an increasingly digital world.
- MeSH
- analýza latentních tříd MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- inteligence * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- motorické dovednosti * fyziologie MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- vývoj dítěte fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- adiktologie * pracovní síly MeSH
- alkoholismus * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hospitalizace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek * terapie MeSH
- poruchy vyvolané užíváním tabáku * terapie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- závislost (psychologie) MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
