- MeSH
- Audiology methods MeSH
- Behaviorism MeSH
- Early Medical Intervention * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Holistic Health standards trends MeSH
- Speech-Language Pathology * methods trends MeSH
- Psychology, Clinical MeSH
- Clinical Competence MeSH
- Communication Disorders diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Quality of Life MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Speech Disorders diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Preventive Medicine * methods trends MeSH
- Self Concept MeSH
- Social Conditions MeSH
- Education MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Fanconiho anémie je vzácné autozomálně recesivně dědičné onemocnění, klinicky a geneticky heterogenní, charakterizováno typickými klinickými projevy: malý vzrůst, mikrocefalie, skeletální anomálie, abnormální kožní pigmentace, opoždění vývoje, vrozené srdeční vady, vrozené vady ledvin a jiné. V první dekádě života se manifestuje pancytopenií, která vede k selhání kostní dřeně. Pacienti s Fanconiho anémií mají zvýšené riziko hematologických malignit a solidních tumorů. Diagnóza Fanconiho anémie je založena na cytogenetickém vyšetření, které prokazuje zvýšený výskyt spontánních chromozomálních aberací, jejichž počet stoupá po působení diepoxybutanu nebo mitomycinu C. Fanconiho anémie je heterogenní onemocnění, dosud je popsáno 15 komplementačních skupin, každá z nich je způsobena mutacemi některého z 15 kauzálních genů. Pro komplementační skupinu D1 (FANCD1) není typickým projevem, na rozdíl od ostatních skupin, selhávání kostní dřeně, ale časně se manifestující leukemie a specifické solidní tumory, nejčastěji meduloblastom a Wilmsův tumor ledvin.
Fanconi anemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, clinically and genetically heterogeneous, characterized by typical clinical features, such as short stature, microcephaly, skeletal abnormalities, abnormal skin pigmentations, developmental delay and congenital heart, kidney anomalies etc. Pancytopenia leading to bone marrow failure occurs in the first decade. Patients with Fanconi anemia have a high risk of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. The diagnosis of Fanconi anemia is based on cytogenetic testing for increased rates of spontaneous chromosomal breakage and increased sensitivity to diepoxybutane or mitomycin C. Fanconi anemia is a heterogeneous disorder, at least 15 complementation groups are described, and 15 genes in which mutations are responsible for all of the 15 Fanconi anemia complementation groups have been identified. Unlike other Fanconi anemia complementation groups, for complementation group D1 (FANCD1), the bone marrow failure is not a typical feature, but early-onset leukemia and specific solid tumors, most often medulloblastoma and Wilms tumor, are typical for this complementation group. Key words: Fanconi anemia – complementation group – FANCD1 – BRCA2 gene– leukemia – Wilms tumor – medulloblastoma This work was supported by grant from Norway NF-CZ11-PDP-3-003-2014, MH ČR – RVO, UH Motol 00064203 and OPPK – CZ-2.16./3.1.00/24022. The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submitted: 14. 7. 2015 Accepted: 6. 12. 2015
- Keywords
- komplementační skupina, FANCD1,
- MeSH
- Alleles MeSH
- Chromosome Aberrations MeSH
- Cytogenetic Analysis MeSH
- Twins MeSH
- Fanconi Anemia * diagnosis genetics MeSH
- Genetic Testing MeSH
- Genes, BRCA2 * MeSH
- Leukemia complications MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Medulloblastoma * etiology genetics therapy MeSH
- Mutation MeSH
- Kidney Neoplasms etiology genetics MeSH
- Cerebellar Neoplasms etiology genetics therapy MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Pedigree MeSH
- Siblings MeSH
- Wilms Tumor * etiology genetics MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Mutations of the TMEM70 gene disrupt the biogenesis of the ATP synthase and represent the most frequent cause of autosomal recessive encephalo-cardio-myopathy with neonatal onset. Patient tissues show isolated defects in the ATP synthase, leading to the impaired mitochondrial synthesis of ATP and insufficient energy provision. In the current study, we tested the efficiency of gene complementation by using a transgenic rescue approach in spontaneously hypertensive rats with the targeted Tmem70 gene (SHR-Tmem70ko/ko), which leads to embryonic lethality. We generated SHR-Tmem70ko/ko knockout rats expressing the Tmem70 wild-type transgene (SHR-Tmem70ko/ko,tg/tg) under the control of the EF-1α universal promoter. Transgenic rescue resulted in viable animals that showed the variable expression of the Tmem70 transgene across the range of tissues and only minor differences in terms of the growth parameters. The TMEM70 protein was restored to 16-49% of the controls in the liver and heart, which was sufficient for the full biochemical complementation of ATP synthase biogenesis as well as for mitochondrial energetic function in the liver. In the heart, we observed partial biochemical complementation, especially in SHR-Tmem70ko/ko,tg/0 hemizygotes. As a result, this led to a minor impairment in left ventricle function. Overall, the transgenic rescue of Tmem70 in SHR-Tmem70ko/ko knockout rats resulted in the efficient complementation of ATP synthase deficiency and thus in the successful genetic treatment of an otherwise fatal mitochondrial disorder.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
UNLABELLED: Transformation of rodent cells with avian Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) opened new ways to studying virus integration and expression in nonpermissive cells. We were interested in (i) the molecular changes accompanying fusion of RSV-transformed mammalian cells with avian cells leading to virus rescue and (ii) enhancement of this process by retroviral gene products. The RSV-transformed hamster RSCh cell line was characterized as producing only a marginal amount of env mRNA, no envelope glycoprotein, and a small amount of unprocessed Gag protein. Egress of viral unspliced genomic RNA from the nucleus was hampered, and its stability decreased. Cell fusion of the chicken DF-1 cell line with RSCh cells led to production of env mRNA, envelope glycoprotein, and processed Gag and virus-like particle formation. Proteosynthesis inhibition in DF-1 cells suppressed steps leading to virus rescue. Furthermore, new aberrantly spliced env mRNA species were found in the RSCh cells. Finally, we demonstrated that virus rescue efficiency can be significantly increased by complementation with the env gene and the highly expressed gag gene and can be increased the most by a helper virus infection. In summary, Env and Gag synthesis is increased after RSV-transformed hamster cell fusion with chicken fibroblasts, and both proteins provided in trans enhance RSV rescue. We conclude that the chicken fibroblast yields some factor(s) needed for RSV replication, particularly Env and Gag synthesis, in nonpermissive rodent cells. IMPORTANCE: One of the important issues in retrovirus heterotransmission is related to cellular factors that prevent virus replication. Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), a member of the avian sarcoma and leukosis family of retroviruses, is able to infect and transform mammalian cells; however, such transformed cells do not produce infectious virus particles. Using the well-defined model of RSV-transformed rodent cells, we established that the lack of virus replication is due to the absence of chicken factor(s), which can be supplemented by cell fusion. Cell fusion with permissive chicken cells led to an increase in RNA splicing and nuclear export of specific viral mRNAs, as well as synthesis of respective viral proteins and production of virus-like particles. RSV rescue by cell fusion can be potentiated by in trans expression of viral genes in chicken cells. We conclude that rodent cells lack some chicken factor(s) required for proper viral RNA processing and viral protein synthesis.
- MeSH
- Cell Fusion MeSH
- Gene Products, env genetics metabolism MeSH
- Gene Products, gag genetics metabolism MeSH
- Cricetinae MeSH
- Chickens MeSH
- Poultry Diseases virology MeSH
- Sarcoma, Avian virology MeSH
- Genetic Complementation Test MeSH
- Cell Line, Transformed MeSH
- Cell Transformation, Viral MeSH
- Rous sarcoma virus genetics physiology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Cricetinae MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
