A tubular microdialysis probe is made from polysulfone hollow fibre for human haemodialysis, which has an inner diameter of 200 μm and a thickness of 20 μm. Milk is deposited to the outer surface of the hollow fibre and allowed to dry to form a dry sample. The tubular probe is then connected to the syringe pump and microdialysis of the dry sample into 0.5 mol/L HCl as acceptor is performed. 2.5 μL of microdialysate is obtained and analyzed for inorganic cations by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection. Baseline separation of NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, Li+ is achieved in 5.5 mol/L acetic acid as background electrolyte using a fused silica capillary with inner diameter of 25 μm and length of 31.5 cm. The reproducibility of dry sample microdialysis including CE analysis for peak area ranges from 2.4 to 3.9 % after normalization to Li+ as internal standard.
- MeSH
- Electrophoresis, Capillary * instrumentation methods MeSH
- Cations * analysis MeSH
- Microdialysis * instrumentation methods MeSH
- Milk * chemistry MeSH
- Cattle MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Cattle MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Evaluation Study MeSH
One of the main challenges in analyzing chemical messengers in the brain is the optimization of tissue sampling and preparation protocols. Limiting postmortem time and terminating enzyme activity is critical to identify low-abundance neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Here, we used a rapid and uniform conductive heat transfer stabilization method that was compared with a conventional fresh freezing protocol. Together with a selective chemical derivatization method and an optimized quantitation approach using deuterated internal standards, we spatially mapped neurotransmitters and their related metabolites by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) in rat brain tissue sections. Although the heat stabilization did not show differences in the levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, their related metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were all significantly lower, indicating reduced neurotransmitter postmortem turnover ratios. Heat stabilization enabled detection of an increased number and higher levels of prodynorphin, proenkephalin, and tachykinin-derived bioactive neuropeptides. The low-abundant C-terminal flanking peptide, neuropeptide-γ, and nociceptin remained intact and were exclusively imaged in heat-stabilized brains. Without heat stabilization, degradation fragments of full-length peptides occurred in the fresh frozen tissues. The sample preparation protocols were furthermore tested on rat brains affected by acute anesthesia induced by isoflurane and medetomidine, showing comparable results to non-anesthetized animals on the neurotransmitters level without significant changes. Our data provide evidence for the potential use of heat stabilization prior to MALDI-MSI analyses to improve the examination of the in vivo state of neuronal chemical messengers in brain tissues not impacted by prior acute anesthesia.
- MeSH
- Rats MeSH
- Brain Chemistry * physiology MeSH
- Brain * metabolism MeSH
- Neurons * metabolism chemistry MeSH
- Neurotransmitter Agents * metabolism analysis MeSH
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley MeSH
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization * methods MeSH
- Hot Temperature * MeSH
- Freezing MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rats MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Cíl: Cílem studie bylo zmapovat výskyt bakterií Staphylococcus aureus a meticilin-rezistentních Staphylococcus aureus v prostředí univerzitního kampusu. Důraz byl kladen na identifikaci potenciálně rizikových míst z hlediska častého kontaktu s povrchy a vysoké koncentrace osob. Metody: Vzorkování probíhalo na předem vytipovaných lokalitách univerzity za použití sterilních stěrových houbiček. Odebraný materiál byl pomnožen v pufrované peptonové vodě (24 hod, 37 °C) a dále kultivován na selektivních médiích. Výskyt bakterií Staphylococcus aureus a meticilin-rezistentních Staphylococcus aureus byl potvrzen pomocí metody PCR. U izolátů meticilin-rezistentních S. aureus byly dále detekovány geny virulence, určeny spa typy a testována rezistence k antimikrobikům. Výsledky: Celkem bylo analyzováno 312 vzorků odebraných z povrchů v univerzitních koridorech, knihovně a dvou stravovacích zařízeních. S. aureus byl detekován ve 210 vzorcích (67,3 %). Získáno bylo také 8 izolátů meticilin-rezistentních S. aureus (2,6 %). Identifikovány byly spa typy meticilin-rezistentních S. aureus t304 (častý na Blízkém východě) a t011 náležející ke klonální linii ST398, t126 a t189. Tři izoláty meticilin-rezistentních S. aureus byly klasifikovány jako multirezistentní. Závěr: Výsledky poukazují na významnou kontaminaci univerzitního prostředí bakteriemi Staphylococcus aureus a meticilin- rezistentních Staphylococcus aureus, zejména na površích s vysokou frekvencí dotyku. Zdůrazňuje se potřeba časté a cílené dezinfekce, vhodné volby čisticích prostředků a důsledné podpory hygieny rukou mezi studenty i zaměstnanci. Monitoring těchto patogenů může být klíčovým nástrojem prevence komunitního šíření, a to i s ohledem na možný přenos do zdravotnických zařízení.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in a university campus environment. Emphasis was placed on identifying potentially high-risk areas with frequent surface contact and high population density. Methods: Sampling was conducted at pre-selected locations across the university using sterile swab sponges. Samples were enriched in buffered peptone water (24 h, 37 °C) and subsequently cultured on selective media. The presence of SA/MRSA was confirmed using PCR. For MRSA isolates, virulence genes were detected, spa types were determined, and antimicrobial resistance was tested. Results: A total of 312 surface samples were collected from university corridors, the library, and two dining facilities. S. aureus was detected in 210 samples (67.3%). Additionally, 8 MRSA isolates were obtained (2.6%). Identified MRSA spa types included t304 (common in the Middle East), t011 belonging to the clonal lineage ST398, as well as t126 and t189. Three MRSA isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant. Conclusion: The findings highlight significant contamination of the university environment with SA and MRSA, particularly on frequently touched surfaces. The results underscore the importance of regular and targeted disinfection, appropriate selection of cleaning agents, and consistent promotion of hand hygiene among students and staff. Monitoring these pathogens may be a key tool in preventing community spread, especially considering the potential for transmission into healthcare settings.
- Keywords
- kontaminace povrchů,
- MeSH
- Fomites microbiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus * isolation & purification MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus * isolation & purification MeSH
- Universities * MeSH
- Environmental Exposure MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Pacienti se syndromem suchého oka tvoří významnou část každodenní oftalmologické péče. Mezi rizikové faktory rozvoje syndromu suchého oka patří i diabetes mellitus. Významnou roli zde hrají změny homeostázy slzného filmu, chronický zánět povrchu oka a doprovázející patologie povrchových nervových vláken rohovky. Cílem této práce bylo popsat stav moderních biomarkerů poškození povrchu oka u pacientů s diabetem 1. typu a posoudit jejich využitelnost pro časný záchyt rozvoje syndromu suchého oka. Materiál a metodika: Do studie bylo zahrnuto celkem 19 pacientů s diabetem 1. typu a 15 pacientů v kontrolní skupině. Pacienti podstoupili detailní vyšetření povrchu oka, odběr biomateriálu k laboratorní analýze hladin matrixové metaloproteinázy 9 (MMP-9), exprese HLA-DR epiteliemi a snímání rohovky pomocí rohovkového konfokálního mikroskopu. Výsledky: Ve skupině pacientů s diabetem 1. typu byla statisticky významně nižší celková délka nervových vláken (p = 0,0482). Osmolarita, citlivost rohovky, vitální barvení povrchu oka, tear break-up time (TBUT) ani MMP-9 v slzném filmu se mezi skupinami statisticky významně nelišily (p = 0,8272, p = 0,6029, p = 0,3507, p = 0,7561 a p = 0,0826 respektive). HLA-DR exprese byla testována na skupině 10 pacientů s diabetem 1. typu a 8 pacientech kontrolní skupiny a u obou skupin byla mírná nebo žádná (p > 0,9999). Závěr: V souladu s dříve publikovanou literaturou jsme v naší studii potvrdili snížení celkové délky nervových vláken subbazálního plexu rohovky u pacientů s diabetem 1. typu oproti subjektům v kontrolní skupině. Neprokázali jsme však změny povrchu oka pomocí standardních ani nových markerů (hladina MMP-9, exprese HLA-DR antigenu na povrchu oka) u pacientů s DM1 oproti kontrolní skupině.
Patients with dry eye syndrome form a significant proportion of those treated in everyday ophthalmology practice. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for the development of dry eye syndrome. Changes in tear film homeostasis, chronic inflammation and subsequent corneal nerve fiber pathology play a key role in its progression. The aim of this study was to describe the status of modern biomarkers of ocular surface damage in patients with type 1 diabetes and asses their utility in early diagnosis of dry eye syndrome. Material and methods: In total the pilot study included 19 patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 15 patients in the control group. All patients underwent a detailed ocular surface examination, sample collection for matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) laboratory analysis and epithelial HLA-DR expression evaluation, and in-vivo corneal confocal microscopy. Results: T1D patients showed statistically significantly reduced corneal nerve fiber length (p = 0.0482). The differences between the groups in terms of osmolarity, corneal sensitivity, Oxford score, tear break-up time and MMP-9 level were not statistically significant (p = 0.8272, p = 0.6029, p = 0.3507, p = 0.7561 and p = 0.0826 respectively). HLA-DR expression was examined in 10 T1D patients and 8 patients in the control group. Both groups showed minimal or no expression (p > 0.9999). Conclusion: The previously published literature supports our finding of corneal nerve fiber length reduction in T1D patients compared to controls. However, we did not find any significant changes in standard or modern ocular surface markers (MMP-9 levels, HLA-DR expression) measured in patients with dry eye syndrome.
BACKGROUND: Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography using Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA PET/CT) is notable for its superior sensitivity and specificity in detecting recurrent PCa and is under investigation for its potential in pre-treatment staging. Despite its established efficacy in nodal and metastasis staging in trial setting, its role in primary staging awaits fuller validation due to limited evidence on oncologic outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to appraise the diagnostic accuracy of PSMA PET/CT compared to CI for comprehensive PCa staging. METHODS: Medline, Scopus and Web of science databases were searched till March 2023. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to identify eligible studies. Primary outcomes were specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of PSMA PET/CT for local, nodal and metastatic staging in PCa patients. Due to the unavailability of data, a meta-analysis was feasible only for detection of seminal vesicles invasion (SVI) and LNI. RESULTS: A total of 49 studies, comprising 3876 patients, were included. Of these, 6 investigated accuracy of PSMA PET/CT in detection of SVI. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 42.29% (95%CI: 29.85-55.78%), 87.59% (95%CI: 77.10%-93.67%), 93.39% (95%CI: 74.95%-98.52%) and 86.60% (95%CI: 58.83%-96.69%), respectively. Heterogeneity analysis revealed significant variability for PPV and NPV. 18 studies investigated PSMA PET/CT accuracy in detection of LNI. Aggregate sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 43.63% (95%CI: 34.19-53.56%), 85.55% (95%CI: 75.95%-91.74%), 67.47% (95%CI: 52.42%-79.6%) and 83.61% (95%CI: 79.19%-87.24%). No significant heterogeneity was found between studies. CONCLUSIONS: The present systematic review and meta-analysis highlights PSMA PET-CT effectiveness in detecting SVI and its good accuracy in LNI compared to CI. Nonetheless, it also reveals a lack of high-quality research on its performance in clinical T staging, extraprostatic extension and distant metastasis evaluation, emphasizing the need for further rigorous studies.
- MeSH
- Antigens, Surface MeSH
- Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II * metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms * pathology diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography * methods MeSH
- Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Meta-Analysis MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Systematic Review MeSH
Breast milk is crucial for infant health, offering essential nutrients and immune protection. However, despite increasing exposure risks from nanoparticles (NPs), their potential infiltration into human breast milk remains poorly understood. This study provides a comprehensive chemical profile of NPs in human breast milk, analyzing their elemental composition, surface charge, hydrodynamic size, and crystallinity. NPs were detected in 42 out of 53 milk samples, with concentrations reaching up to 1.12 × 1011 particles/mL. These particles comprised nine elements, with O, Si, Fe, Cu, and Al being the most frequently detected across all samples. We establish a mechanistic axis for NP infiltration, involving penetration of the intestine/air-blood barriers, circulation in blood vessels, crossing the blood-milk barrier via transcytosis or immune cell-mediated transfer, and eventual accumulation in milk. Structure-activity relationship analysis reveals that smaller, neutral-charged NPs exhibit stronger infiltration capacity, offering potential for regulating NP behavior at biological barriers through engineering design. This study provides the chemical profiles of NPs in human breast milk and uncovers their infiltration pathways.
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Milk, Human * chemistry metabolism MeSH
- Nanoparticles * chemistry analysis MeSH
- Particle Size MeSH
- Structure-Activity Relationship MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
There is increasing pressure on meat producers worldwide due to the need for higher yields and improved meat quality. This is why anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) have been widely used in most countries, due to their ability to accelerate animal muscle growth. However, out of concern for their side effects, EU states have banned their use and implemented control mechanisms. But they are reaching their limits, and therefore, it is necessary to look for new ways and investigate the mechanism of action of AAS on muscle tissue. This study replicated the administration of banned AAS (testosterone, nandrolone and their combination) and observed their effect on pig muscle. The pig model was purposely chosen for the study, as no such research has been carried out on this species. At the same time, pork is one of the most consumed meats in Europe. It focused on histological changes in muscle structure, specifically the size of muscle fibres and the number of satellite cells per muscle fibre. Furthermore, ultrastructural changes in muscle fibres, the diameter of myofibrils, the number of myofibrils per area, the distance between myofibrils and the size of sarcomeres were examined. The results using the techniques of histology, fluorescent labelling and transmission electron microscopy showed that, after the application of AAS, there is an increase in the diameter of muscle fibres, an increase in the diameter of myofibrils, a decrease in the number of myofibrils per surface area and, in the case of testosterone, an increase in the distance between myofibrils and an increase in the length of sarcomeres. There was also a significant increase in the number of satellite cells per muscle fibre. The detected statistically significant differences between control and experimental groups provide evidence that selected histological parameters could be additional mechanisms for detecting the presence of AAS in pork meat in the future.
- MeSH
- Anabolic Agents * pharmacology MeSH
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal * drug effects ultrastructure MeSH
- Muscle, Skeletal drug effects anatomy & histology ultrastructure MeSH
- Myofibrils * drug effects ultrastructure MeSH
- Nandrolone * pharmacology MeSH
- Swine anatomy & histology MeSH
- Sarcomeres drug effects ultrastructure MeSH
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle drug effects ultrastructure MeSH
- Testosterone * pharmacology MeSH
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission veterinary MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
PURPOSE: We aimed to find predictive tumour characteristics as detected by interim positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) in cervical cancer patients. We also investigated the type of interim response. Furthermore, we compared the investigated parameters with disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes. METHODS: We evaluated 108 patients treated between August 2015 and January 2023 with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) who had undergone pretreatment staging, subsequent mid-treatment evaluation after completed EBRT and definitive restaging 3 months after completing the whole treatment using PET/MRI. Patients were then divided into two groups based on the RECIST and PERCIST criteria: responders (achieving complete metabolic response, CMR) and non-responders (non-CMR). These two groups were compared using selected parameters obtained at pre-PET/MRI and mid-PET/MRI. The early response to treatment as evaluated by mid-PET/MRI was categorized into three types: interim complete metabolic response, interim nodal response and interim nodal persistence. RESULTS: Mid-TLG‐S (the sum of total lesion glycolysis for the primary tumour plus pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes) parameter showed the best discriminatory ability for predicting non-CMR. The second factor with significant discriminatory ability was mid-MTV‐S (the sum of the metabolic tumour volume of the primary tumour plus pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes). The strongest factor, mid-TLG‐S, showed a sensitivity of 40% and a specificity of 90% at a threshold value of 70. We found a statistically significant association of DFS and OS with the following parameters: number of chemotherapy cycles, early response type and CMR vs. non-CMR. CONCLUSION: We were able to identify thresholds for selected parameters that can be used to identify patients who are more likely to have worse DFS and OS. The type of early response during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was also significantly associated with DFS and OS. These aspects represent an important contribution to the possible stratification of patients for subsequent individualised adjuvant treatment.
- MeSH
- Brachytherapy MeSH
- Chemoradiotherapy * methods MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging * MeSH
- Multimodal Imaging * MeSH
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms * therapy diagnostic imaging pathology mortality MeSH
- Positron-Emission Tomography * MeSH
- Disease-Free Survival MeSH
- Radiotherapy, Image-Guided MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Úvod: V důsledku metabolických dějů dochází v živých strukturách k endogenní produkci chemiluminiscence, kterou také označujeme jako biologickou autochemiluminiscenci (BAL). Generování BAL je úzce spojeno s oxidačními procesy, tvorbou volných radikálů a obecně oxidačně-redukční homeostázou zkoumaného biologického materiálu. BAL byla již dříve studována v savčích buněčných modelech a tkáních. Doposud ovšem nebyl tento jev popsán v případě struktur zubní tkáně. Kromě endogenně generované BAL lze BAL indukovat i exogenně, a to jak fyzikálními (UV záření, mechanické poškození, teplo), tak i chemickými (oxidační činidla, např. H2O2) a biotickými (patogeny) faktory. Metodika: V předložené práci byla zkoumána endogenně produkovaná i exogenně indukovaná BAL v povrchových a vnitřních strukturách semiretinovaných a retinovaných třetích molárů, které byly indikovány k extrakci zubním lékařem pro jejich nevhodné uložení v čelisti u dvou pacientů (žena, 21 let, muž, 22 let). Detekce BAL byla provedena po mechanickém odstranění zubního plaku rotačním kartáčkem. Pomocí piezoelektrické pily byly připraveny podélné řezy vedené tak, aby došlo k odhalení všech vnitřních částí zubu. Takto připravené vzorky – celého vnitřního řezu a vnější části celého zubu – byly podrobeny detekci BAL ve světlotěsné komoře za použití fotonásobičového modulu. Následně byly vzorky ošetřeny roztokem oxidačního činidla 3% H2O2 a redukčního činidla 10 mM TCEP (tris(karboxyethyl)fosfin). Výsledky: U obou vzorků zubu bylo prokázáno, že produkují BAL. Produkce endogenní chemiluminiscence byla pozorována ve vnitřních strukturách zubu (18 600 pulzů/600 s), která byla přibližně 2,7krát vyšší než BAL detekovaná na povrchových strukturách zubu (6 900 pulzů/600 s). Po ošetření H2O2 došlo k významnému (až 14násobnému) nárůstu BAL pro vnitřní struktury zubu ve srovnání s bazální intenzitou endogenně produkované BAL. Aplikace TCEP (negativní kontrola) vedla k mírnému potlačení produkce BAL. Závěr: Výsledky této pilotní studie ukazují, že BAL může být produkována nejenom měkkými tkáněmi, ale i tvrdou zubní tkání. Získané výsledky by mohly být využity k výzkumu metabolické aktivity a reaktivity vnitřních i vnějších částí zubu, a to především v kontextu výzkumu oxidačněredukční homeostázy. Detekce BAL by také mohla být aplikována pro vývoj nových zobrazovacích technik.
Introduction: As a result of metabolic processes, the endogenous production of chemiluminescence occurs in living biological structures, which we also refer to as biological autochemiluminescence (BAL). The generation of BAL is closely connected with oxidation processes, the formation of free radicals, and in general the redox homeostasis of the investigated biological material. BAL has previously been studied in mammalian cells and tissues. So far, however, this phenomenon has not been described in dental tissue structures. In addition to endogenously generated BAL, BAL can be exogenously induced by physical (UV radiation, mechanical damage, heat), chemical (oxidizing agents, e.g. H2O2) or biotic (pathogens) factors. Methods: Endogenously and exogenously induced BAL were investigated on the surface and internal structures of semi-impacted and impacted third molars, which were indicated for extraction by a dentist due to their inappropriate placement in the jaw in two patients (a 21-year-old woman and a 22-year-old man). BAL detection was performed with samples after dental plaque was mechanically removed with a rotating brush. Using a piezosurgery unit with a saw headpiece, longitudinal sections were made to reveal all internal parts of the tooth. The samples prepared in this way – the entire internal section and the external part of the entire tooth – were subjected to BAL detection in a dark chamber using H7360-01 PMT photomultiplier. Subsequently, the samples were treated with a solution of the oxidizing agent 3% H2O2 or the reducing agent 10 mM TCEP (tris(carboxyethyl)phosphine). Results: Both tooth samples were shown to produce BAL. Endogenous chemiluminescence production was observed in the internal structures of the tooth (18,600 counts/600 s), which was 2.7-fold higher than the BAL detected on the tooth outer surfaces (6,900 counts/600 s). After H2O2 treatment, there was a significant (up to 14-fold) increase in BAL for internal tooth structures compared to the basal intensity of endogenously produced BAL. The application of TCEP (negative control) resulted in a residual suppression of BAL production. Conclusion: The results of this pilot study show that BAL can be produced not only by soft tissues but also by hard dental tissue. The obtained results could be used for further research of the metabolic activity and reactivity of the inner and outer parts of the tooth, especially in the context of redox biology research. BAL detection could also be applied in the development of new imaging techniques.
Intersticiální high-dose rate brachyterapie (HDR BRT) představuje slibnou metodu léčby časného karcinomu penisu, která v mnoha případech slouží jako alternativa k primární chirurgické léčbě. Tato technika umožňuje zachování celistvosti penisu až u 80 % pacientů, kteří by jinak museli podstoupit radikální operaci. Výsledkem je nejen lepší kvalita života pacientů, ale také výrazně nižší výskyt psychických problémů spojených s léčbou. Důležitým přínosem je rovněž možnost zachování sexuálních funkcí na úrovni srovnatelné s obdobím před zahájením léčby.
Interstitial high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR BRT) is a promising treatment method for early-stage penile cancer, which in many cases serves as an alternative to primary surgical treatment. This technique allows for the preservation of the penis integrity in up to 80% of patients who would otherwise require radical surgery. As a result, patients experience not only a better quality of life but also significantly fewer post-treatment psychological issues. An important benefit is also the ability to maintain sexual function at a level comparable to that before the treatment.
- MeSH
- Brachytherapy * classification methods instrumentation MeSH
- Early Diagnosis MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Penile Neoplasms * radiotherapy MeSH
- Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted methods instrumentation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
