• MeSH
• Haplorrhini MeSH
• kočky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mechanoreceptory enzymologie   MeSH
• nervová vlákna anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• nervová zakončení fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky MeSH
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• analýza potravin metody   MeSH
• kontrola potravin metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Bylo vyšetřeno 1846 vzorků sér a likvoru od nemocných s neurologickými onemocněními z celé České republiky s podezřením na možný paraneoplastický původ choroby. Metodou nepřímé immunofluorescence byly detekovány různé typy paraneoplastických protilátek. U 4 pacientů byly zjištěny paraneoplastické antineuronální protilátky třídy IgG označované jako anti-Hu (ANNA-l). Imunofluorescenční nálezy byly konfirmovány imunohistochemicky a metodou Western blot. Tyto laboratorní nálezy provázel klinický syndrom encefalomyelitidy/senzitivní polyneuropatie. Ve 3 případech se jedqnalo O malobuněčný karcinom plic a v jednom případě o nízce diferencovaný karcinom prostaty. Paraneoplastický neurologický syndrom měl u 3 nemocných těžký klinický průběh a v jednom případě byl neurologický průběh neprogresivní. Význam včasné diagnostiky paraneoplastického syndromu spočívá především v možnosti radikální léčby tumoru, jako v případě pacienta s karcinomem prostaty „in situ" S následnou onkologickou remisí a v diferenciální diagnostice syndromu encefalomyelitidy/sen¬ zitivni polyneuropatie. Pacienti s pokročilejším stadiem karcinomu plic zemřeli v důsledku onkologického onemocnění při rozvinutém paraneoplastickém neurologickém syndromu.

1846 samples of serum and cerebrospinal fluid drawn from neurological patients suspiciois ^f paraneoplastic disease from the Czech Republic were investigated. Vaidous types of paraneoplastic autoantibodies were detected by the method of indirect immunofluorescence. In the group of 4 patients specific paraneoplastic antineuronal IgG antibodies called anti-Hu (ANNA-l) were found. These immunofluorescent findings were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. These laboratory findinj were associated with the clinical syndrome of encephalomyelitis/sensory neuropathy. From the oncological point of view small cell lung cancer was diagnosed in 3 cases and in 1 case low differentiated prostate cancer. The clinical course of the disease was severe in 3 cases, 1 patient was clinically non-progressive. The importance of early diagnosis is due to the possibility of effective treatment of tumours, as in the case of the patient with prostate cancer „in situ" with subsequent oncological remission and in the differential diagnosis of encephalomyelitis/sensory neuropathy syndrome. Patients with advanced small cell lung cancer died because of progression of oncological disease with advanced paraneoplastic neurological syndrome.

• MeSH
• autoimunitní nemoci MeSH
• encefalomyelitida imunologie   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• fluorescenční protilátková technika metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• paraneoplastické syndromy imunologie   MeSH
• protilátky MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study of 175 patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN), i.e., Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the frequency, age of onset, character, familial, and genotypical incidence of spinal deformities among HMSN patients. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Prior studies addressing HMSN discuss the associated spinal deformities. However, these data vary significantly while inconsistently including genotypes within the classification framework. METHODS: Plain-film radiographic spine studies of 175 HMSN patients were performed to determine the incidence, character, and severity of spinal deformity. The degree of the spinal deformity was evaluated measuring Cobb's angle of the main curve. The results of the entire cohort were initially assessed before being classified by genotype. RESULTS: The incidence of spinal deformity for the entire group was 26%. Of these, 58% demonstrated scoliosis, 31% had kyphoscoliosis, and 11% had thoracic hyperkyphosis; 73% of patients with spinal deformity were classified as HMSN Type I with confirmed duplication of the PMP 22 (peripheral myelin protein) gene on chromosome 17. The incidence of spinal deformity by genotype was: duplication of the PMP 22 gene: 29% (25 of 87); deletion of the PMP 22 gene: 0% (0 of 15); Cx32 (connexin 32) gene mutation: 24% (8 of 34); and MPZ (myelin protein zero) gene mutation: 100% (6 of 6). Familial incidence of spinal deformity was found in "MPZ gene mutation" and "duplication of PMP 22 gene" subgroups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a 26% incidence of spinal deformity among HMSN patients. Spinal deformity was most frequently observed in patients with the MPZ gene mutation, where the most common familial incidence was also found.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duplikace genu MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci genetika   MeSH
• genetické markery MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lidské chromozomy, pár 17 genetika   MeSH
• mutace genetika   MeSH
• mutační analýza DNA MeSH
• myelinové proteiny genetika   MeSH
• myelinový P0 protein genetika   MeSH
• páteř patologie   radiografie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• typy dědičnosti genetika   MeSH
• věk při počátku nemoci MeSH
• zakřivení páteře epidemiologie   genetika   radiografie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Směrnice ISO, které se zaměřují na metody senzorické analýzy potravin. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.

• MeSH
• analýza potravin metody   MeSH
• kvalita jídla MeSH
• Publikační typ
• směrnice MeSH

• Konspekt
• Metrologie. Standardizace
• NLK Obory
• zemědělství a potravinářství
• chemie, klinická chemie

Introduction: Painful sensory neuropathies are frequently encountered in elderly individuals. The pathophysiology of peripheral nerve dysfunction as well as the clinical picture and applicable diagnostic methods in senescence may be at least partly different from those in the general neuropathy population with respect to the potential role of age-related neurodegeneration as well as to some specific features of the elderly population in general. Patients and methods: Thermal quantitative sensory testing (T-QST), evaluation of intra- (IENFD) and subepidermal nerve fibre densities in skin biopsy samples, nerve conduction studies, autonomic nervous system testing, and clinical neurological examination including detailed assessment of neuropathic symptoms and pain intensity were performed in a group of 25 elderly (>65 years) and 74 non-elderly patients with painful sensory neuropathy. For comparison, data from 37 age-matched healthy individuals (10 elderly and 27 nonelderly) were used. Results: The involvement of small nerve fibres documented by T-QST or IENFD was almost invariably found in both elderly and non-elderly patients and the sensitivity as well as applicability of both these methods was similar between the age groups. Nevertheless, an obvious trend to decrease in nerve fibre counts with age was observed in the healthy control group. The dysfunction of large nerve fibres (assessed by nerve conduction studies or clinical examination) as well as of the autonomic ones was significantly more frequent in elderly neuropathy patients compared to younger age groups. Moreover, evaluation of the autonomic nervous system could frequently not be performed in elderly patients with respect to associated heart diseases or medication. Conclusions: Painful neuropathy patients almost invariably display involvement of small nerve fibres regardless of the patient’s age. In elderly painful neuropathy patients, however, a more frequent and more extensive dysfunction of large myelinated fibres and autonomic fibres was found suggesting the increasing role of age-related neurodegeneration in the development of peripheral neuropathies in old age and implying the need of age-stratified reference data of most of the diagnostic tests of small- and large-fibre dysfunction in peripheral neuropathies.

• MeSH
• biomedicínský výzkum metody   MeSH
• dědičné senzorické a autonomní neuropatie diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• měření bolesti metody   využití   MeSH
• nemoci periferního nervového systému diagnóza   etiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• nervová vlákna fyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• polyneuropatie diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři fyziologie   MeSH
• senzorické prahy fyziologie   MeSH
• statistika jako téma metody   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři fyziologie   MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of sensory attributes of cosmetic products is traditionally based on sensory panels. However, in some cases, a suitable candidate method that can reduce time and costs is the use of instrumental analysis that can detect relatively very small changes of entry ingredients. Such approach has been already applied for emollients, salt content, stabilizers, etc. The aim of this contribution is to apply the relations between sensory analysis and rheology to a series of body lotions differing in the contents of emulsifiers and viscosity regulators. METHODS: Sensory and rheological analyses are related. Rheological analysis can represent a good alternative to basic orientation in chosen customer's feelings. A rotational rheometer is the only instrumental device required for the measurements. RESULTS: An empirical rheological model was proposed by means of which the selected sensory attributes were evaluated using the numerical values of adjustable model parameters. This approach exhibited a very good agreement with the results obtained by the sensory panel. CONCLUSION: It was shown that a description of chosen sensory attributes can be responsibly carried out by rheological measurements, that is through the attained numerical values of the parameters appearing in a proposed empirical model characterizing shear viscosity of body lotions.

• MeSH
• emoliencia * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reologie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Směrnice ISO, které se zaměřují na metody senzorické analýzy potravin. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.

• MeSH
• analýza potravin MeSH
• chemické techniky analytické MeSH
• interpretace statistických dat MeSH
• kvalita jídla MeSH
• Publikační typ
• směrnice MeSH

• Konspekt
• Metrologie. Standardizace
• NLK Obory
• zemědělství a potravinářství
• chemie, klinická chemie

In this prospective study, intraepidermal nerve fiber densities (IENFD) and subepidermal nerve plexus densities (SENPD) were quantified by immunostaining in skin punch biopsies from the distal calf in 99 patients with clinical symptoms of painful sensory neuropathy and from 37 age-matched healthy volunteers. The clinical diagnosis was based on history and abnormal thermal thresholds on quantitative sensory testing (QST). In patients with neuropathy, IENFD and SENPD were reduced to about 50% of controls. Elevated warm detection thresholds on QST correlated with IENFD but not with SENPD. Using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of IENFD values, the diagnostic sensitivity for detecting neuropathy was 0.80 and the specificity 0.82. For SENPD, sensitivity was 0.81 and specificity 0.88. With ROC analysis of both IENFD and SENPD together, the diagnostic sensitivity was further improved to 0.92. The combined examination of IENFD and SENPD is a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tool in patients suspected to suffer from painful sensory neuropathies but with normal values on clinical neurophysiological studies.

• MeSH
• aferentní nervové dráhy patofyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• biopsie MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• epidermis inervace   patofyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hyperalgezie etiologie   patofyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci periferního nervového systému patofyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• nervové receptory parazitologie   patologie   MeSH
• neuralgie patofyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• nociceptory patologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• práh bolesti fyziologie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH