- MeSH
- Biopsy, Large-Core Needle methods trends utilization MeSH
- Histological Techniques * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Immunohistochemistry methods utilization MeSH
- Carcinoma diagnosis surgery classification MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mastectomy methods utilization MeSH
- Breast Neoplasms * drug therapy surgery therapy MeSH
- Specimen Handling methods standards utilization MeSH
- Reproducibility of Results * MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods trends utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Neoplasm Grading methods standards utilization MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
x
x
- MeSH
- Adenocarcinoma diagnosis surgery therapy MeSH
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant methods utilization MeSH
- Chemoradiotherapy methods utilization MeSH
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal * diagnosis epidemiology surgery MeSH
- Endocrine Surgical Procedures * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Meta-Analysis as Topic MeSH
- Neoplasm Metastasis diagnosis drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Neoadjuvant Therapy methods trends utilization MeSH
- Prognosis * MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods standards utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Neoplasm Grading methods trends utilization MeSH
- Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
x
x
- MeSH
- Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant methods trends utilization MeSH
- Surgical Procedures, Operative methods trends utilization MeSH
- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures trends utilization MeSH
- Herpesviridae Infections diagnosis complications therapy MeSH
- Disease Attributes MeSH
- Combined Modality Therapy * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasm Metastasis diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Oropharyngeal Neoplasms * diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Mouth Neoplasms * diagnosis epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography methods trends utilization MeSH
- Watchful Waiting methods trends utilization MeSH
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use MeSH
- Practice Guidelines as Topic standards MeSH
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis surgery radiotherapy MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods utilization MeSH
- Neoplasm Grading MeSH
- Papillomavirus Vaccines administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
Brachyterapie karcinomu prostaty patří mezi standardní léčebné metody lokalizovaného karcinomu prostaty společně s radikální prostatektomií a zevní radioterapií. Brachyterapie ve srovnání s ostatními metodami zevní radioterapie je nejlepší pro dodání vysoké dávky záření do prostaty a nejšetrnější k okolí. Pro svoji velmi nízkou morbiditu patří stále k velmi aktuálním a oblíbeným metodám léčby. Mezinárodní doporučení pro indikaci a optimální výběr pacientů jsou stále doplňována a zpřesňována.
Along with radical prostatectomy and external radiotherapy, brachytherapy for prostate cancer is among the standard treatmentmethods for localized prostate cancer. When compared with the other methods of external radiotherapy, brachytherapy is bestfor the delivery of a high radiation dose to the prostate while sparing the surrounding tissues. Because of its very low morbidityrates, it still remains a current and popular treatment modality. International guidelines for indication and optimal patient selectionare being constantly supplemented and refined.
- MeSH
- Brachytherapy * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Radiotherapy Dosage * standards MeSH
- Radiation Dosage MeSH
- Carcinoma radiotherapy MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms * radiotherapy MeSH
- Prostatectomy methods trends utilization MeSH
- Prostate-Specific Antigen isolation & purification blood standards MeSH
- Practice Guidelines as Topic MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging classification standards utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Neoplasm Grading classification standards utilization MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Epiteliálny ovariálny karcinóm, karcinóm vajcovodu a peritoneálny karcinóm majú rovnaké klinické charakteristiky a správanie. V klinických štúdiách ale aj v klinickej praxi sú často spájané a definované ako epiteliálny ovariálny karcinóm (EOC). Takmer 75 % žien s ovariálnym karcinómom je diagnostikovaných v pokročilom štádiu. Štandardom liečby sa stala primárna cytoreduktívna operácia (PDS) nasledovaná chemoterapiou. Cieľom tohto článku je vysvetliť prínos a údaje podporujúce použitie neoadjuvantnej chemoterapie (NACT), pretože liečebný benefit z neoadjuvantnej chemoterapie nasledovanou odloženou cytoredukčnou operáciou ostáva sporný.
Epithelial cancers of ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal origin exhibit similar clinical characteristics and behavior. As such, theseare often combined together and define epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in clinical trials and clinical. Nearly 75 % of women withovarian cancer are diagnosed with advanced stage disease at presentation. Treatment with primary cytoreductive surgery (PDS)followed by chemotherapy has been the standard of care for these women. The aim of this article is to set out the rationale for,and data supporting the use of, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), because therapeutic benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapyfollowed by interval cytoreduction remains controversial.
- MeSH
- Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures methods trends utilization MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods utilization MeSH
- Carcinoma diagnostic imaging surgery complications MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Meta-Analysis as Topic MeSH
- Survival Rate trends MeSH
- Biomarkers, Tumor MeSH
- Ovarian Neoplasms * diagnosis epidemiology therapy MeSH
- Neoadjuvant Therapy * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Delayed Diagnosis MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Practice Guidelines as Topic MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods trends utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Urogenital Surgical Procedures * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Primární kožní lymfomy patří mezi mimouzlinové nehodgkinské lymfomy, které jsou charakterizované přítomností maligních T nebo B lymfocytů v kůži. Většina primárních kožních lymfomů je zachycena v časných stadiích a má indolentní průběh s dobrou prognózou. Případy nemocí s agresivním chováním a nutností kombinované systémové a zevní léčby však nejsou výjimkou. Přehledový článek shrnuje diagnostiku a léčbu nejdůležitějších T- a B -buněčných kožních lymfomů s důrazem na dermatologickou manifestaci a na léčbu cílenou na kůži.
Primary cutaneous lymphomas are a rare type of extranodal non - Hodgkin lymphomas where malignant T-cells or B-cells infiltratethe skin. Most patients with primary cutaneous lymphomas are diagnosed in the early stage of the disease with usually indolentclinical course. However, cases with aggresive behaviour and unfavourable prognosis are not rare. This review summarizes diagnosisand treatment of the most important subtypes of cutaneous lymphomas with emphasis on dermatological manifestationsand skin directed therapy.
- MeSH
- Surgical Procedures, Operative methods utilization MeSH
- Dermatology methods trends MeSH
- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures trends utilization MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Phototherapy methods utilization MeSH
- Disease Attributes MeSH
- Combined Modality Therapy * methods utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Interdisciplinary Communication * MeSH
- Mycosis Fungoides * diagnosis epidemiology therapy MeSH
- Skin Neoplasms diagnosis epidemiology classification MeSH
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin * diagnosis drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Radiotherapy methods utilization MeSH
- Practice Guidelines as Topic standards MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods trends utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Tetrahydronaphthalenes administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Výzkum v posledním desetiletí umožnil modifikovat imunitní pochody tak, aby se reaktivovaly protinádorové imunitní mechanismy. Hlavním centrem zájmu poslední doby jsou protilátky proti receptoru programované buněčné smrti (PD‑1) a jeho ligandu (PD‑L1). Atezolizumab je humanizovaná monoklonální protilátka typu IgG1, která se váže na PD‑L1. V současnosti je registrován k léčbě lokálně pokročilého nebo metastazujícího nemalobuněčného karcinomu plic po předchozí chemoterapii a pro lokálně pokročilý nebo metastazující uroteliální karcinom po předchozí chemoterapii obsahující platinu nebo u pacientů, kteří nejsou schopni podstoupit léčbu cisplatinou.
Research over the past decade has allowed the modulation of immune processes to reactivate anti‑tumor immune mechanisms. Antibodies against the PD‑1 receptor and its PD‑L1 ligand are the main focus of recent studies. Atezolizumab is a humanized IgG1‑type monoclonal antibody that binds to PD‑L1. It is currently registered for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non‑small cell lung cancer after prior chemotherapy and for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma after prior platinum‑containing chemotherapy or in patients who are unable to undergo cisplatin therapy.
- MeSH
- Survival Analysis MeSH
- B7-H1 Antigen * antagonists & inhibitors adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Carcinoma, Bronchogenic * drug therapy immunology secondary MeSH
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Immunotherapy methods trends utilization MeSH
- Infusions, Intravenous methods utilization MeSH
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell * drug therapy immunology prevention & control MeSH
- Clinical Trials as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Meta-Analysis as Topic MeSH
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy immunology secondary MeSH
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions drug therapy complications MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods utilization MeSH
- T-Lymphocytes immunology pathology drug effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Scintigrafická metodika stanovení sentinelové uzliny umožňuje její rychlé vyhledání v rámci chirurgického řešení karcinomu prsu a peroperační histologické zhodnocení patologem. Přítomnost či nepřítomnost metastatických buněk v sentinelové uzlině pak následně ovlivňuje rozsah operačního výkonu, upřesňuje rozsah nádorového procesu a má i prognostický význam pro pacientku.
The scintigraph y method of the sentinel node evaluation enables its quick location during the operative solution of the breast carcinoma and its histological assessment by the pathologist. The presence or the absence of the metastatic cells in the sentinel node influences the range of the operation, increase the information about the range of the tumor and has a prognostical value for the patient.
- MeSH
- Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy * MeSH
- Surgical Procedures, Operative methods trends utilization MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods utilization MeSH
- Histological Techniques methods trends utilization MeSH
- Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon * methods trends utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Lymph Node Excision methods utilization MeSH
- Neoplasm Metastasis diagnosis MeSH
- Breast Neoplasms * diagnosis complications MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Scintillation Counting methods utilization MeSH
- Sentinel Surveillance MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods instrumentation utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Primární kožní lymfomy jsou vzácná a velmi heterogenní skupina lymfoproliferativních onemocnění postihující kůži. Diagnóza kožních lymfomů vyžaduje hodnocení jak klinických tak histopatologických nálezů. Léčba závisí především na podtypu kožního lymfomu a klinickém stadiu onemocnění. Léčba vyžaduje multidisciplinární přístup. Přehledový článek si klade za cíl představit současný pohled na diagnostický a léčebný přístup k primárním kožním lymfomům, více se zaměřuje na mycosis fungoides a Sézary syndrom.
Primary cutaneous lymphomas are rare and heterogenous group of lymphoproliferative disorders involving the skin. The diagnosis of primary cutanous lymphomas require the intergration of clinical and histopathologic data. Treatment depends on the subtype of cutaneous lymphoma and clinical stage of the disease. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. Review article aims to present the current view of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to primary cutaneous lymphomas, is more focused on mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.
- MeSH
- Dermatologic Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Electrons therapeutic use MeSH
- Drug Therapy methods utilization MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Interferons therapeutic use MeSH
- Disease Attributes MeSH
- Quality of Life MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Interdisciplinary Communication MeSH
- Mycosis Fungoides * diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell * diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Sezary Syndrome * diagnosis epidemiology therapy MeSH
- Practice Guidelines as Topic standards MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Steroids therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Gastrointestinální stromální tumor je nejčastějším neepiteliálním tumorem zažívacího traktu. V posledních letech prodělaly velice rychlý vývoj možnosti jeho systémové léčby. Efektivita biologických přípravků v paliativní indikaci byla důvodem k jejich zavedení i v adjuvantním podání. Základní pozici v prvé paliativní linii i v adjuvantní indikaci u vysoce rizikových resekovaných GIST má imatinib. Po jeho selhání v iniciální dávce se doporučuje jeho eskalace a teprve poté léčba dalšími biologickými preparáty jako sunitinib nebo regorafenib. Existuje celá řada preparátů, které byly či jsou aktuálně zkoumány v klinických studiích.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour is the most frequent non-epithelial tumour of the gastrointestinal tract. In recent years, there has been a very rapid progress in the options of its systemic treatment. The efficacy of biological agents in palliative indication has been the reason for their introduction even in the adjuvant setting. Imatinib is the mainstay of the first palliative line as well as of the adjuvant indication in high-risk resected GISTs. Following its failure in the initial dose, its escalation is recommended and only subsequently treatment with other biological agents, such as sunitinib or regorafenib. There is a whole range of agents that were or currently are investigated in clinical trials.
- MeSH
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant methods utilization MeSH
- Survival Analysis MeSH
- Biological Therapy * methods utilization MeSH
- Phenylurea Compounds administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Gastrointestinal Neoplasms diagnosis drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors * diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Imatinib Mesylate administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Indoles administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Meta-Analysis as Topic * MeSH
- Palliative Care methods utilization MeSH
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Pyridines administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Pyrroles administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Registries MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging methods utilization MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH